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Many critical decision-making tasks are now delegated to machine-learned models, and it is imperative that their decisions are trustworthy and reliable, and their outputs are consistent across similar inputs. We identify a new source of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Satyankar Chandra , Ashutosh Gupta , Kaushik Mallik , Krishna Shankaranarayanan , Namrita Varshney

How should we schedule jobs to minimize mean queue length? In the preemptive M/G/1 queue, we know the optimal policy is the Gittins policy, which uses any available information about jobs' remaining service times to dynamically prioritize…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Yige Hong , Ziv Scully

We study new types of dynamic allocation problems the {\sl Halting Bandit} models. As an application, we obtain new proofs for the classic Gittins index decomposition result and recent results of the authors in `Multi-armed bandits under…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-21 Wesley Cowan , Michael N. Katehakis , Sheldon M. Ross

We study the $\textit{single-index bandit}$ problem, where rewards depend on an unknown one-dimensional projection of high-dimensional contexts through an unknown reward function. This model extends linear and generalized linear bandits to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-12 Devdan Dey , Sujoy Bhore , Avishek Ghosh

Batch policy optimization considers leveraging existing data for policy construction before interacting with an environment. Although interest in this problem has grown significantly in recent years, its theoretical foundations remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Chenjun Xiao , Yifan Wu , Tor Lattimore , Bo Dai , Jincheng Mei , Lihong Li , Csaba Szepesvari , Dale Schuurmans

Multi-armed bandit problems (MABPs) are a special type of optimal control problem well suited to model resource allocation under uncertainty in a wide variety of contexts. Since the first publication of the optimal solution of the classic…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-07-30 Sofía S. Villar , Jack Bowden , James Wason

The Whittle index, which characterizes optimal policies for controlling certain single restless bandit projects (a Markov decision process with two actions: active and passive) is the basis for a widely used heuristic index policy for the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-05 José Niño-Mora

Information theoretic criteria (ITC) have been widely adopted in engineering and statistics for selecting, among an ordered set of candidate models, the one that better fits the observed sample data. The selected model minimizes a penalized…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-10 Andrea Mariani , Andrea Giorgetti , Marco Chiani

In a multi-armed bandit problem, an online algorithm chooses from a set of strategies in a sequence of trials so as to maximize the total payoff of the chosen strategies. While the performance of bandit algorithms with a small finite…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Robert Kleinberg , Aleksandrs Slivkins , Eli Upfal

Motivated by the need to efficiently identify multiple candidates in high trial-and-error cost tasks such as drug discovery, we propose a near-optimal algorithm to identify all {\epsilon}-best arms (i.e., those at most {\epsilon} worse than…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-02 Zhekai Li , Tianyi Ma , Cheng Hua , Ruihao Zhu

Bayesian optimization is a framework for global search via maximum a posteriori updates rather than simulated annealing, and has gained prominence for decision-making under uncertainty. In this work, we cast Bayesian optimization as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Amrit Singh Bedi , Dheeraj Peddireddy , Vaneet Aggarwal , Brian M. Sadler , Alec Koppel

Binary decisions are the simplest form of decisions that are made in our daily lives. Examples include choosing a two-way path in a maze, accepting or declining an offer, etc. These decisions are also made by computers, machines and various…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-08 Sujan Vijayaraj , S. Nandakumar

The analysis of online least squares estimation is at the heart of many stochastic sequential decision making problems. We employ tools from the self-normalized processes to provide a simple and self-contained proof of a tail bound of a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-02-15 Yasin Abbasi-Yadkori , David Pal , Csaba Szepesvari

In this paper we consider the two-armed bandit problem, which often naturally appears per se or as a subproblem in some multi-armed generalizations, and serves as a starting point for introducing additional problem features. The…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-06-26 Peter Jacko

We motivate and analyse a new Tree Search algorithm, GPTS, based on recent theoretical advances in the use of Gaussian Processes for Bandit problems. We consider tree paths as arms and we assume the target/reward function is drawn from a GP…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-01-18 Louis Dorard , John Shawe-Taylor

The restless multi-armed bandit problem is a paradigmatic modeling framework for optimal dynamic priority allocation in stochastic models of wide-ranging applications that has been widely investigated and applied since its inception in a…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2026-01-26 José Niño-Mora

Active learning methods have shown great promise in reducing the number of samples necessary for learning. As automated learning systems are adopted into real-time, real-world decision-making pipelines, it is increasingly important that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Romain Camilleri , Andrew Wagenmaker , Jamie Morgenstern , Lalit Jain , Kevin Jamieson

In this study, we propose a multicriteria group decision making (MCGDM) algorithm under uncertainty where data is collected as intervals. The proposed MCGDM algorithm aggregates the data, determines the optimal weights for criteria and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Hadi A. Khorshidi , Uwe Aickelin

Bandit learning is characterized by the tension between long-term exploration and short-term exploitation. However, as has recently been noted, in settings in which the choices of the learning algorithm correspond to important decisions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-11 Sampath Kannan , Jamie Morgenstern , Aaron Roth , Bo Waggoner , Zhiwei Steven Wu

The Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit problem is a sequential decision-making problem in which an agent selects a set of arms on each round, observes feedback for each of these arms and aims to maximize a known reward function of the arms it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Nadav Merlis , Shie Mannor