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Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) are generative models showing competitive performance in various domains, including image synthesis and 3D point cloud generation. Sampling from pre-trained DPMs involves multiple neural function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Vinh Tong , Hoang Trung-Dung , Anji Liu , Guy Van den Broeck , Mathias Niepert

Speculative sampling is a popular technique for accelerating inference in Large Language Models by generating candidate tokens using a fast draft model and accepting or rejecting them based on the target model's distribution. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Valentin De Bortoli , Alexandre Galashov , Arthur Gretton , Arnaud Doucet

The dominant approach to generating from language models subject to some constraint is locally constrained decoding (LCD), incrementally sampling tokens at each time step such that the constraint is never violated. Typically, this is…

Diffusion models have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in generating high-fidelity images but typically suffer from inefficient sampling. Many solver designs and noise scheduling strategies have been proposed to dramatically improve…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-01 Tianrong Chen , Huangjie Zheng , David Berthelot , Jiatao Gu , Josh Susskind , Shuangfei Zhai

Diffusion models (DMs) have achieved state-of-the-art results for image synthesis tasks as well as density estimation. Applied in the latent space of a powerful pretrained autoencoder (LDM), their immense computational requirements can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Jeremias Traub

Large language models (LLMs) have shown outstanding performance across numerous real-world tasks. However, the autoregressive nature of these models makes the inference process slow and costly. Speculative decoding has emerged as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Zongyue Qin , Zifan He , Neha Prakriya , Jason Cong , Yizhou Sun

Masked diffusion models (MDMs) have emerged as a promising alternative to autoregressive models (ARMs) for language modeling. However, MDMs are known to learn substantially more slowly than ARMs, which may become problematic when scaling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Chunsan Hong , Sanghyun Lee , Chieh-Hsin Lai , Satoshi Hayakawa , Yuhta Takida , Yuki Mitsufuji , Seungryong Kim , Jong Chul Ye

Generative modeling within constrained sets is essential for scientific and engineering applications involving physical, geometric, or safety requirements (e.g., molecular generation, robotics). We present a unified framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Kijung Jeon , Michael Muehlebach , Molei Tao

Continuous diffusion has been the foundation of high-fidelity, controllable, and few-step generation of many data modalities such as images. However, in language modeling, prior continuous diffusion language models (DLMs) lag behind…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Yuxin Chen , Chumeng Liang , Hangke Sui , Ruihan Guo , Chaoran Cheng , Jiaxuan You , Ge Liu

Diffusion language models (DLMs) enable parallel, order-agnostic generation with iterative refinement, offering a flexible alternative to autoregressive large language models (LLMs). However, adapting reinforcement learning (RL) fine-tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Kevin Rojas , Jiahe Lin , Kashif Rasul , Anderson Schneider , Yuriy Nevmyvaka , Molei Tao , Wei Deng

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative tools, rivaling GANs in sample quality and mirroring the likelihood scores of autoregressive models. A subset of these models, exemplified by DDIMs, exhibit an inherent asymmetry: they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Yixuan Wang , Shuangyin Li

The performance of large language models (LLMs) is closely linked to their underlying size, leading to ever-growing networks and hence slower inference. Speculative decoding has been proposed as a technique to accelerate autoregressive…

While diffusion Multimodal Large Language Models (dMLLMs) have recently achieved remarkable strides in multimodal generation, the development of interpretability mechanisms has lagged behind their architectural evolution. Unlike traditional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Haomin Zuo , Yidi Li , Luoxiao Yang , Xiaofeng Zhang

Diffusion-based large language models (DLLMs) have shown promise for non-autoregressive text generation, but their deployment is constrained by large model sizes and heavy computational costs. Post-training quantization (PTQ), a widely used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Chen Xu , Dawei Yang

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in generative tasks but suffer from high computational costs due to their iterative sampling process and quadratic attention costs. Existing training-free acceleration strategies that reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Ting Jiang , Yixiao Wang , Hancheng Ye , Zishan Shao , Jingwei Sun , Jingyang Zhang , Zekai Chen , Jianyi Zhang , Yiran Chen , Hai Li

Diffusion models are emerging expressive generative models, in which a large number of time steps (inference steps) are required for a single image generation. To accelerate such tedious process, reducing steps uniformly is considered as an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Lijiang Li , Huixia Li , Xiawu Zheng , Jie Wu , Xuefeng Xiao , Rui Wang , Min Zheng , Xin Pan , Fei Chao , Rongrong Ji

Diffusion models have significantly advanced the state of the art in image, audio, and video generation tasks. However, their applications in practical scenarios are hindered by slow inference speed. Drawing inspiration from the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Chen Xu , Tianhui Song , Weixin Feng , Xubin Li , Tiezheng Ge , Bo Zheng , Limin Wang

Steering language model generation toward desired textual properties is essential for practical deployment, and inference-time methods are particularly appealing because they enable controllable generation without retraining. Recent work…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Hyeseon An , Yo-Sub Han

Inverse problems arise in a multitude of applications, where the goal is to recover a clean signal from noisy and possibly (non)linear observations. The difficulty of a reconstruction problem depends on multiple factors, such as the ground…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-21 Zalan Fabian , Berk Tinaz , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

Recent works have revealed the great potential of speculative decoding in accelerating the autoregressive generation process of large language models. The success of these methods relies on the alignment between draft candidates and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Jikai Wang , Zhenxu Tian , Juntao Li , Qingrong Xia , Xinyu Duan , Zhefeng Wang , Baoxing Huai , Min Zhang