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We investigate how agents built on pretrained large language models (LLMs) can learn target classification functions from labeled examples without parameter updates. While conventional approaches like fine-tuning are often costly,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Jackson Hassell , Dan Zhang , Hannah Kim , Tom Mitchell , Estevam Hruschka

Automated Program Repair (APR) aims to automatically generate patches for rectifying software bugs. Recent strides in Large Language Models (LLM), such as ChatGPT, have yielded encouraging outcomes in APR, especially within the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Jiaolong Kong , Mingfei Cheng , Xiaofei Xie , Shangqing Liu , Xiaoning Du , Qi Guo

While search-augmented large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive capabilities, their reliability in complex multi-hop reasoning remains limited. This limitation arises from three fundamental challenges: decomposition errors, where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ziliang Wang , Kang An , Xuhui Zheng , Faqiang Qian , Weikun Zhang , Cijun Ouyang , Jialu Cai , Yuhang Wang , Yichao Wu

Prompt engineering significantly influences the reliability and clinical utility of Large Language Models (LLMs) in medical applications. Current optimization approaches inadequately address domain-specific medical knowledge and safety…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Yinda Chen , Yangfan He , Jing Yang , Dapeng Zhang , Zhenlong Yuan , Muhammad Attique Khan , Jamel Baili , Por Lip Yee

Automated Program Repair (APR) attempts to patch software bugs and reduce manual debugging efforts. Very recently, with the advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), an increasing number of APR techniques have been proposed, facilitating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Quanjun Zhang , Chunrong Fang , Yang Xie , YuXiang Ma , Weisong Sun , Yun Yang , Zhenyu Chen

While Large language models (LLMs) have advanced natural language processing tasks, their growing computational and memory demands make deployment on resource-constrained devices like mobile phones increasingly challenging. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Yiping Wang , Hanxian Huang , Yifang Chen , Jishen Zhao , Simon Shaolei Du , Yuandong Tian

LLM-based autonomous agents lack persistent procedural memory: they re-derive solutions from scratch even when structurally identical tasks have been solved before. We present APEX-EM, a non-parametric online learning framework that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Pratyay Banerjee , Masud Moshtaghi , Ankit Chadha

The sequential recommendation problem has attracted considerable research attention in the past few years, leading to the rise of numerous recommendation models. In this work, we explore how Large Language Models (LLMs), which are nowadays…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Artun Boz , Wouter Zorgdrager , Zoe Kotti , Jesse Harte , Panos Louridas , Dietmar Jannach , Vassilios Karakoidas , Marios Fragkoulis

Providing personalized and timely feedback for student's programming assignments is useful for programming education. Automated program repair (APR) techniques have been used to fix the bugs in programming assignments, where the Large…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Fang Liu , Zhenwei Liu , Qianhui Zhao , Jing Jiang , Li Zhang , Ge Li , Zian Sun , Zhongqi Li , Yuchi Ma

Experienced physicians develop diagnostic expertise through clinical practice, acquiring not only disease knowledge but also the ability to differentiate confusable conditions. Current medical vision-language models (VLMs) lack this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Qianhan Feng , Zhongzhen Huang , Yakun Zhu , Yannian Gu , Winnie Chiu Wing Chu , Xiaofan Zhang , Qi Dou

Reinforcement learning (RL) often encounters delayed and sparse feedback in real-world applications, even with only episodic rewards. Previous approaches have made some progress in reward redistribution for credit assignment but still face…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Yun Qu , Yuhang Jiang , Boyuan Wang , Yixiu Mao , Cheems Wang , Chang Liu , Xiangyang Ji

Language models deployed in real-world systems often require post-hoc updates to incorporate new or corrected knowledge. However, editing such models efficiently and reliably-without retraining or forgetting previous information-remains a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ke Wang , Yiming Qin , Nikolaos Dimitriadis , Alessandro Favero , Pascal Frossard

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown high capabilities in several software development-related tasks such as program repair, documentation, code refactoring, debugging, and testing. However, training these models requires massive amount…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Meghdad Dehghan , Jie JW Wu , Fatemeh H. Fard , Ali Ouni

Automated Program Repair (APR) agents leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) to autonomously diagnose and fix software bugs through reasoning, planning, and tool use. Despite impressive leaderboard gains on benchmarks such as SWE-bench,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Ira Ceka , Hailie Mitchell , Saurabh Pujar , Luca Buratti , Shyam Ramji , Junfeng Yang , Gail Kaiser , Baishakhi Ray

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at extracting common patterns from large-scale corpora, yet they struggle with rare, low-resource, or previously unseen scenarios-such as niche hardware deployment issues or irregular IoT device…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Hong Su

Pre-trained and frozen large language models (LLMs) can effectively map simple scene rearrangement instructions to programs over a robot's visuomotor functions through appropriate few-shot example prompting. To parse open-domain natural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Gabriel Sarch , Yue Wu , Michael J. Tarr , Katerina Fragkiadaki

Large language model (LLM) personalization aims to align model outputs with individuals' unique preferences and opinions. While recent efforts have implemented various personalization methods, a unified theoretical framework that can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xinliang Frederick Zhang , Nick Beauchamp , Lu Wang

Continual learning aims to enable a single model to learn a sequence of tasks without catastrophic forgetting. Top-performing methods usually require a rehearsal buffer to store past pristine examples for experience replay, which, however,…

Automated Program Repair (APR) uses various tools and techniques to help developers achieve functional and error-free code faster. In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained popularity as components in APR tool chains because…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Roman Macháček , Anastasiia Grishina , Max Hort , Leon Moonen

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) show impressive performance in various downstream NLP tasks. However, pre-training large language models demands substantial memory and training compute. Furthermore, due to the substantial resources…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 HyunJin Kim , Young Jin Kim , JinYeong Bak
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