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Weakly-supervised medical image segmentation is a challenging task that aims to reduce the annotation cost while keep the segmentation performance. In this paper, we present a novel framework, SimTxtSeg, that leverages simple text cues to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Yuxin Xie , Tao Zhou , Yi Zhou , Geng Chen

Clinical information extraction, which involves structuring clinical concepts from unstructured medical text, remains a challenging problem that could benefit from the inclusion of tabular background information available in electronic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Paloma Rabaey , Stefan Heytens , Thomas Demeester

The recent adoption of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) by health care providers has introduced an important source of data that provides detailed and highly specific insights into patient phenotypes over large cohorts. These datasets, in…

Structured (tabular) data in the preclinical and clinical domains contains valuable information about individuals and an efficient table-to-text summarization system can drastically reduce manual efforts to condense this data into reports.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Heng-Yi Wu , Jingqing Zhang , Julia Ive , Tong Li , Vibhor Gupta , Bingyuan Chen , Yike Guo

Nursing notes, an important part of Electronic Health Records (EHRs), track a patient's health during a care episode. Summarizing key information in nursing notes can help clinicians quickly understand patients' conditions. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Ya Gao , Hans Moen , Saila Koivusalo , Miika Koskinen , Pekka Marttinen

We present a system that uses a learned autocompletion mechanism to facilitate rapid creation of semi-structured clinical documentation. We dynamically suggest relevant clinical concepts as a doctor drafts a note by leveraging features from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-31 Divya Gopinath , Monica Agrawal , Luke Murray , Steven Horng , David Karger , David Sontag

With the advancement of telemedicine, both researchers and medical practitioners are working hand-in-hand to develop various techniques to automate various medical operations, such as diagnosis report generation. In this paper, we first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Abhisek Tiwari , Anisha Saha , Sriparna Saha , Pushpak Bhattacharyya , Minakshi Dhar

Few-shot semantic segmentation (FSS) offers immense potential in the field of medical image analysis, enabling accurate object segmentation with limited training data. However, existing FSS techniques heavily rely on annotated semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Sanaz Karimijafarbigloo , Reza Azad , Dorit Merhof

The extraction and analysis of insights from medical data, primarily stored in free-text formats by healthcare workers, presents significant challenges due to its unstructured nature. Medical coding, a crucial process in healthcare, remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Mikhail Kulyabin , Gleb Sokolov , Aleksandr Galaida , Andreas Maier , Tomas Arias-Vergara

Manual annotation of medical images is a labor-intensive and time-consuming process, posing a significant bottleneck in the development and deployment of robust medical imaging AI systems. This paper introduces a novel hands-free Human-AI…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-29 Yizhe Zhang

Interactive segmentation is a promising strategy for building robust, generalisable algorithms for volumetric medical image segmentation. However, inconsistent and clinically unrealistic evaluation hinders fair comparison and misrepresents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Parhom Esmaeili , Virginia Fernandez , Pedro Borges , Eli Gibson , Sebastien Ourselin , M. Jorge Cardoso

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has become a promising solution to alleviate the annotation burden of deep learning-based medical image segmentation models. While recent advances in foundation model-driven SSL have pushed the boundary to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yichi Zhang , Le Xue , Bichun Xu , Judong Luo , Zhigang Wu , Yu Fu , Zixin Hu , Yuan Cheng , Yuan Qi

Clinical oncology generates vast, unstructured data that often contain inconsistencies, missing information, and ambiguities, making it difficult to extract reliable insights for data-driven decision-making. General-purpose large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Morteza Rohanian , Tarun Mehra , Nicola Miglino , Farhad Nooralahzadeh , Michael Krauthammer , Andreas Wicki

Extracting structured information from clinical notes requires navigating a dense web of interdependent variables where the value of one attribute logically constrains others. Existing Large Language Model (LLM)-based extraction pipelines…

Semantic segmentation requires dense pixel-level annotations, which are costly and time-consuming to acquire. To address this, we present SeSAM, a framework that uses a foundational segmentation model, i.e. Segment Anything Model (SAM),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Anurag Das , Anna Kukleva , Xinting Hu , Yuki M. Asano , Bernt Schiele

Obtaining pixel-level annotations in the medical domain is both expensive and time-consuming, often requiring close collaboration between clinical experts and developers. Semi-supervised medical image segmentation aims to leverage limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Lin Xi , Yingliang Ma , Cheng Wang , Sandra Howell , Aldo Rinaldi , Kawal S. Rhode

Despite recent success in applying large language models (LLMs) to electronic health records (EHR), most systems focus primarily on assessment rather than treatment planning. We identify three critical limitations in current approaches:…

Problem lists are intended to provide clinicians with a relevant summary of patient medical issues and are embedded in many electronic health record systems. Despite their importance, problem lists are often cluttered with resolved or…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Justin Lovelace , Nathan C. Hurley , Adrian D. Haimovich , Bobak J. Mortazavi

This paper addresses the challenges posed by the unstructured nature and high-dimensional semantic complexity of electronic health record texts. A deep learning method based on attention mechanisms is proposed to achieve unified modeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Ting Xu , Xiaoxiao Deng , Xiandong Meng , Haifeng Yang , Yan Wu

Melanoma is an aggressive neoplasm responsible for the majority of deaths from skin cancer. Specifically, spitzoid melanocytic tumors are one of the most challenging melanocytic lesions due to their ambiguous morphological features. The…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-21 Rocío del Amor , Laëtitia Launet , Adrián Colomer , Anaïs Moscardó , Andrés Mosquera-Zamudio , Carlos Monteagudo , Valery Naranjo