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The escalating complexity of modern digital systems has imposed significant challenges on integrated circuit (IC) design, necessitating tools that can simplify the IC design flow. The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has been seen as…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Maoyang Xiang , Emil Goh , T. Hui Teo

Recent advancements in Latent Diffusion Models (LDMs) have propelled them to the forefront of various generative tasks. However, their iterative sampling process poses a significant computational burden, resulting in slow generation speeds…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-10 Huadai Liu , Rongjie Huang , Yang Liu , Hengyuan Cao , Jialei Wang , Xize Cheng , Siqi Zheng , Zhou Zhao

Developing safety-critical automotive software presents significant challenges due to increasing system complexity and strict regulatory demands. This paper proposes a novel framework integrating Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Sven Kirchner , Alois C. Knoll

Latent flow matching for image generation usually transports Gaussian noise to variational autoencoder latents along linear paths. Both endpoints, however, concentrate in thin spherical shells, and a Euclidean chord leaves those shells even…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Tuna Han Salih Meral , Kaan Oktay , Hidir Yesiltepe , Adil Kaan Akan , Pinar Yanardag

Speculative decoding is widely adopted to reduce latency in large language model (LLM) inference by leveraging smaller draft models capable of handling diverse user tasks. However, emerging AI applications, such as LLM-based agents, present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Gabriele Oliaro , Zhihao Jia , Daniel Campos , Aurick Qiao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in Register Transfer Level (RTL) design, enabling high-quality code generation from natural language descriptions. However, LLMs alone face significant limitations in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Ahmed Allam , Youssef Mansour , Mohamed Shalan

Text-to-image (T2I) generation using multiple conditions enables fine-grained user control on the generated image. Yet, incorporating multi-condition inputs incurs substantial computation and communication overhead, due to additional…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yuxin Kong , Peng Yang , Chongbin Yi , Fan Wu , Feng Lyu

Recent developments in Transformers have achieved notable strides in enhancing video comprehension. Nonetheless, the O($N^2$) computation complexity associated with attention mechanisms presents substantial computational hurdles when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Yukun Feng , Yangming Shi , Fengze Liu , Tan Yan

Topology optimization can generate efficient structures, but designers often must manually translate qualitative intent, such as desired visual style, product experience, or manufacturability into solver settings that are not directly tied…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Isabella A. Stewart , Hongrui Chen , Faez Ahmed

Topology optimization is an essential tool in computational engineering, for example, to improve the design and efficiency of flow channels. At the same time, Ising machines, including digital or quantum annealers, have been used as…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Yudai Suzuki , Shiori Aoki , Fabian Key , Katsuhiro Endo , Yoshiki Matsuda , Shu Tanaka , Marek Behr , Mayu Muramatsu

While transformer models have been highly successful, they are computationally inefficient. We observe that for each layer, the full width of the layer may be needed only for a small subset of tokens inside a batch and that the "effective"…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Bartosz Wójcik , Alessio Devoto , Karol Pustelnik , Pasquale Minervini , Simone Scardapane

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance across diverse natural language processing tasks. However, these models exhibit a critical limitation in output diversity, often generating highly similar content across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Zhiwen Ruan , Yixia Li , Yefeng Liu , Yun Chen , Weihua Luo , Peng Li , Yang Liu , Guanhua Chen

Including local automatic gain control (AGC) circuitry into a silicon cochlea design has been challenging because of transistor mismatch and model complexity. To address this, we present an alternative system-level algorithm that implements…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-15 Ilya Kiselev , Chang Gao , Shih-Chii Liu

The design automation of analog circuits is a longstanding challenge. This paper presents a reinforcement learning method enhanced by graph learning to automate the analog circuit parameter optimization at the pre-layout stage, i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Weidong Cao , Mouhacine Benosman , Xuan Zhang , Rui Ma

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved near-human performance across diverse reasoning tasks, yet their deployment on resource-constrained Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices remains impractical due to massive parameter footprints and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Mingyu Sung , Vikas Palakonda , Suhwan Im , Sunghwan Moon , Il-Min Kim , Sangseok Yun , Jae-Mo Kang

Radiology reports contain rich clinical information that can be used to train imaging models without relying on costly manual annotation. However, existing approaches face critical limitations: rule-based methods struggle with linguistic…

Clinical communication is central to patient outcomes, yet large-scale human annotation of patient-provider conversation remains labor-intensive, inconsistent, and difficult to scale. Existing approaches based on large language models…

Advancements in text-to-image generative AI with large multimodal models are spreading into the field of image compression, creating high-quality representation of images at extremely low bit rates. This work introduces novel components to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-02 Cheng-Lin Wu , Hyomin Choi , Ivan V. Bajić

Masala-CHAI is a fully automated framework leveraging large language models (LLMs) to generate Simulation Programs with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (SPICE) netlists. It addresses a long-standing challenge in circuit design automation:…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Jitendra Bhandari , Vineet Bhat , Yuheng He , Hamed Rahmani , Siddharth Garg , Ramesh Karri

Recent advances in generative AI have accelerated the discovery of novel chemicals and materials. However, scaling these discoveries to industrial production remains a major bottleneck due to the synthesis gap -- the need to develop…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Sakhinana Sagar Srinivas , Shivam Gupta , Venkataramana Runkana