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Roughly half of the quasi-periodic eruption (QPE) sources in galactic nuclei exhibit a remarkably regular alternating "long-short'' pattern of recurrence times between consecutive flares. We show that a main-sequence star (brought into the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-09-06 Itai Linial , Brian D. Metzger

Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are intense repeating soft X-ray bursts with recurrence times about a few to ten hours from nearby galactic nuclei. The origin of QPEs is still unclear. In this work, we investigated the extreme mass ratio…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-24 Cong Zhou , Lei Huang , Kangrou Guo , Ya-Ping Li , Zhen Pan

A modest fraction of the stars in galactic nuclei fed towards the central supermassive black hole (SMBH) approach on low-eccentricity orbits driven by gravitational-wave radiation (extreme mass ratio inspiral, EMRI). In the likely event…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-22 Itai Linial , Brian D. Metzger

Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are intense repeating soft X-ray bursts with recurrence times about a few hours to a few weeks from galactic nuclei. Though the debates on the origin of QPEs have not completely settled down, more and more…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-11-28 Cong Zhou , Binyu Zhong , Yuhe Zeng , Lei Huang , Zhen Pan

``Quasi-periodic eruptions'' (QPE) are recurrent nuclear transients with periods of several hours to almost a day, which thus far have been detected exclusively in the X-ray band. We have shown that many of the key properties of QPE flares…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-29 Itai Linial , Brian D. Metzger

Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are X-ray transients characterized by nearly regular recurring flares from galactic nuclei. Recent observations have confirmed that some QPEs occur in galactic centers that experienced a tidal disruption…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-09 Tomoya Suzuguchi , Tatsuya Matsumoto

Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are a recently discovered class of highly variable X-ray bursts originating in galactic nuclei. These high-amplitude bursts exhibit periodicity ranging from tens of minutes to several days. QPEs are also…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-22 Martin Mondek , Michal Zajaček , Henry Best , Taj Jankovič , Vladimír Karas , Petr Kurfürst

We investigate the origins of quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) in galactic nuclei using global three-dimensional meshless finite-mass (MFM) simulations. By modeling stellar and black-hole impactors traversing accretion disks under various…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-03 Kun Liu , Shang-Fei Liu , Zhen Pan , Hongping Deng , Rongfeng Shen , Cong Yu

We propose that the recently observed quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) in galactic nuclei are produced by unstable mass transfer due to Roche lobe overflow of a low-mass main-sequence star in a mildly eccentric (e ~ 0.5) orbit. We argue that…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-12 Wenbin Lu , Eliot Quataert

A popular class of models for interpreting quasi-periodic X-ray eruptions from galactic nuclei (QPEs) invoke collisions between an object on an extreme mass ratio inspiral (EMRI) and an accretion disk around a supermassive black hole. There…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-05-01 Andrew Mummery

Quasi Periodic Eruptions (QPEs) are luminous bursts of soft X-rays recently discovered in galactic nuclei. They repeat on timescales of hours to weeks, superimposed to an otherwise stable quiescent X-ray level, consistent with emission from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-04 Chiara Maria Allievi , Luca Broggi , Alberto Sesana , Matteo Bonetti

Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are intense repeating soft X-ray bursts with recurrence times about a few hours to a few weeks from galactic nuclei. More and more analyses show that QPEs are the result of collisions between a stellar mass…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-22 Cong Zhou , Yuhe Zeng , Zhen Pan

X-ray quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) represent a recently discovered example of extreme X-ray variability associated with supermassive black holes. These are high-amplitude bursts recurring every few hours that are detected in the soft…

Quasi-Periodic Eruptions (QPEs) are luminous X-ray outbursts recurring on hour timescales, observed from the nuclei of a growing handful of nearby low-mass galaxies. Their physical origin is still debated, and usually modeled as (a)…

Quasi-Periodic Eruptions (QPEs) display correlated long/short and strong/weak patterns that remain unexplained by existing flat-disk collision models. We propose that these features arise from an extreme-mass-ratio inspiral (EMRI) colliding…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-26 Bo-An Chen , Bei You , Giovanni Miniutti , Ning Jiang , Zhen Pan , Tao Yang , Xi-Long Fan , Kai Liao , Xu-Heng Ding , Zong-Hong Zhu , Shuai-Kang Yang , Sai-En Xu , Han He , Xiao Fan

Periodic collisions between a star on an inclined orbit around a supermassive black hole and its accretion disk offers a promising explanation for X-ray "quasi-periodic eruptions" (QPEs). Each passage through the disk shocks and compresses…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-08 Indrek Vurm , Itai Linial , Brian D. Metzger

We use Athena++ to study the hydrodynamics of repeated star-accretion disk collisions close to supermassive black holes, and discuss their implications for the origin of quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) and other repeating nuclear…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-12-31 Philippe Z. Yao , Eliot Quataert , Yan-Fei Jiang , Wenbin Lu , Christopher J. White

A star that approaches a supermassive black hole (SMBH) on a circular extreme mass ratio inspiral (EMRI) can undergo Roche lobe overflow (RLOF), resulting in a phase of long-lived mass-transfer onto the SMBH. If the interval separating…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-02-23 Brian D. Metzger , Nicholas C. Stone , Shmuel Gilbaum

In the past five years, six quasi-periodic X-ray eruption (QPE) sources have been discovered in the nuclei of nearby galaxies. Their origin remains an open question. We present MUSE integral field spectroscopy of five QPE host galaxies to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-06-06 T. Wevers , K. D. French , A. I. Zabludoff , T. Fischer , K. Rowlands , M. Guolo , B. Dalla Barba , R. Arcodia , M. Berton , F. Bian , I. Linial , G. Miniutti , D. R. Pasham
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