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We report the experimental characterization of free-surface deformations generated by three-dimensional homogeneous and isotropic turbulence. Using Fourier transform profilometry in a jet-forced turbulent tank, we perform spatiotemporal…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-14 Michaël Berhanu , Eric Falcon

Turbulent flows beneath a free surface play a central role in the Earth system, yet their coupling to observable surface features remains incompletely understood. Recent studies using Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) have reported strong…

When a turbulent vortex impinges on a porous layer, it creates a complex multiscale interaction: the wake structures that form in the free fluid engage with the intricate geometry of the pores, and this interplay governs both the turbulent…

A parallel pseudospectral code for the direct numerical simulation (DNS) of isotropic turbulence has been developed. The code has been extensively benchmarked using established results from literature. The code has been used to conduct a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2013-06-17 Samuel R. Yoffe

We investigate the turbulence below a quasi-flat free surface, focusing on the energy transport in space and across scales. We leverage a large zero-mean-flow tank where homogeneous turbulence is generated by randomly actuated jets. A wide…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-12-18 Daniel J. Ruth , Filippo Coletti

By analyzing hot-wire velocity data taken in an open channel flow, an unambiguous definition of surface-layer thickness is here provided in terms of the cross-over scale between backward and forward energy fluxes. It is shown that the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-11-18 Guido Troiani , Francesco Cioffi , Angelo Olivieri , Carlo Massimo Casciola

The interaction between externally generated turbulence and porous media is central to many engineering and environmental flows, yet the fate of macroscale vortical structures at a porous/fluid interface remains uncharacterized. By…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-02-03 Justin Courter , Vishal Srikanth , Thibaut Kemayo , Andrey V. Kuznetsov

Navier-Stokes turbulence subject to solid-body rotation is studied by high-resolution direct numerical simulations (DNS) of freely decaying and stationary flows. Setups characterized by different Rossby numbers are considered. In agreement…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-05-13 M. Thiele , W. -C. Müller

Under action of free-stream turbulence (FST), elongated streamwise streaky structures are generated inside the boundary layer, and their amplitude and wavelength are crucial for the transition onset. While turbulence intensity is strongly…

Two-way coupled DNS simulation of particle-laden turbulent Couette-flow [1], in the volume fraction regime $\phi>10^{-4}$, showed a discontinuous decrease of turbulence intensity beyond a critical volume fraction…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-04-04 Swagnik Ghosh , Partha Sarathi Goswami

We study the statistics of free-surface turbulence at large Reynolds numbers produced by direct numerical simulations in a fluid layer at different thickness with fixed characteristic forcing scale. We observe the production of a transient…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-12-12 G. Boffetta , A. Mazzino , S. Musacchio , M. E. Rosti

Interscale energy transfer in wall turbulence has been intensively studied in recent years, and both the forward (i.e. from larger to smaller scales) and reversed transfers of turbulent energy have been found whereas their corresponding…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-02-11 Takuya Kawata , Takahiro Tsukahara

Drop deformation in fluid flows is investigated here as an exchange between the kinetic energy of the fluid and the surface energy of the drop. We show analytically that this energetic exchange is controlled only by the stretching (or…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-11-11 Alberto Vela-Martín , Marc Avila

Supersonic turbulence is vital to astrophysical and high-speed engineering flows, yet its energy transfer mechanisms remain poorly understood. We present high-resolution ($1024^3$) direct numerical simulations (DNS) of forced compressible…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-30 Harshit Tiwari , Dhananjay Singh , Mahendra K. Verma , Rajesh Ranjan

The dynamics of small-scale structures in free-surface turbulence is crucial to large-scale phenomena in natural and industrial environments. Here we conduct experiments on the quasi-flat free surface of a zero-mean-flow turbulent water…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-03-14 Yinghe Qi , Yaxing Li , Filippo Coletti

Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) turbulence models (such as k-\epsilon models) are still widely used for engineering applications because of their relatively simplicity and robustness. In fully developed plane channel flow (i.e. the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2010-12-01 Najla El Gharbi , Rafik Absi , Ahmed Benzaoui

Knowledge of turbulent flows over non-flat surfaces is of major practical interest in diverse applications. Significant work continues to be reported in the roughness regime at high Reynolds numbers where the cumulative effect of surface…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-11-27 Balaji Jayaraman , Saadbin Khan

Budgets of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and turbulent potential energy (TPE) at different scales $\ell$ in sheared, stably stratified turbulence are analyzed using a filtering approach. Competing effects in the flow are considered, along…

Turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) is a measure for unsteady loads and important regarding the design of e.g. propellers or energy-saving devices. While simulations are often done for a double-body, using a symmetry condition, experiments and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-11-18 Luise Draheim , Nikolai Kornev

We investigate the effect of density and viscosity differences on a swarm of large and deformable bubbles dispersed in a turbulent channel flow. For a given shear Reynolds number, Re=300, and a constant bubble volume fraction, Phi=5.4%, we…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-09-26 Francesca Mangani , Giovanni Soligo , Alessio Roccon , Alfredo Soldati
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