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The recent performance leap of Large Language Models (LLMs) opens up new opportunities across numerous industrial applications and domains. However, erroneous generations, such as false predictions, misinformation, and hallucination made by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Yuheng Huang , Jiayang Song , Zhijie Wang , Shengming Zhao , Huaming Chen , Felix Juefei-Xu , Lei Ma

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the potential to revolutionize automated traceability by overcoming the challenges faced by previous methods and introducing new possibilities. However, the optimal utilization of LLMs for automated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Alberto D. Rodriguez , Katherine R. Dearstyne , Jane Cleland-Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong capabilities, enabling concise, context-aware answers in question answering (QA) tasks. The lack of transparency in complex LLMs has inspired extensive research aimed at developing methods to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yangyi Li , Mengdi Huai

This paper considers the challenges Large Language Models (LLMs) face when reasoning over text that includes information involving uncertainty explicitly quantified via probability values. This type of reasoning is relevant to a variety of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Aliakbar Nafar , Kristen Brent Venable , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are increasingly used to evaluate text-to-image (TTI) generation systems, providing automated judgments based on visual and textual context. However, these "judge" models often suffer from biases,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Eric Slyman , Mehrab Tanjim , Kushal Kafle , Stefan Lee

Large language models (LLMs) frequently produce contextual hallucinations, where generated content contradicts or ignores information explicitly stated in the prompt. Such errors are particularly problematic in deterministic automation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Nils Rautenberg , Sven Schippkus

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in text generation, reasoning, and decision-making, enabling their adoption in high-stakes domains such as healthcare, law, and transportation. However, their reliability is a major concern, as they often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Xiaoou Liu , Tiejin Chen , Longchao Da , Chacha Chen , Zhen Lin , Hua Wei

While code generation has been widely used in various software development scenarios, the quality of the generated code is not guaranteed. This has been a particular concern in the era of large language models (LLMs)- based code generation,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Zhenlan Ji , Pingchuan Ma , Zongjie Li , Shuai Wang

The rise of large language models (LLMs) and their tight integration into our daily life make it essential to dedicate efforts towards their trustworthiness. Uncertainty quantification for LLMs can establish more human trust into their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Daniel Yang , Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai , Makoto Yamada

Prompt optimization algorithms for Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in multi-step reasoning but still lack effective uncertainty estimation. This paper introduces a benchmark dataset to evaluate uncertainty metrics, focusing on Answer,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Pei-Fu Guo , Yun-Da Tsai , Shou-De Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various applications, fundamentally reshaping the landscape of natural language processing (NLP) research. However, recent evaluation frameworks often rely on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Chenyang Lyu , Minghao Wu , Alham Fikri Aji

Industrial machine fault diagnosis is a critical component of operational efficiency and safety in manufacturing environments. Traditional methods rely heavily on expert knowledge and specific machine learning models, which can be limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Apiradee Boonmee , Kritsada Wongsuwan , Pimchanok Sukjai

Large language models (LLMs) offer significant potential to accelerate systematic literature reviews (SLRs), yet current approaches often rely on brittle, manually crafted prompts that compromise reliability and reproducibility. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Teo Susnjak

Research in uncertainty quantification (UQ) for large language models (LLMs) is increasingly important towards guaranteeing the reliability of this groundbreaking technology. We explore the integration of LLM UQ methods in argumentative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Kevin Zhou , Adam Dejl , Gabriel Freedman , Lihu Chen , Antonio Rago , Francesca Toni

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in clinical applications through prompt engineering, allowing flexible clinical predictions. However, they struggle to produce reliable prediction probabilities, which are crucial for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Bowen Gu , Rishi J. Desai , Kueiyu Joshua Lin , Jie Yang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are set to transform how machines process and generate human-like responses by integrating diverse modalities such as text, images, and code. Yet, effectively harnessing their capabilities hinges on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Anwesha Mohanty , Venkatesh Balavadhani Parthasarathy , Arsalan Shahid

Large language Models (LLMs) are highly sensitive to variations in prompt formulation, which can significantly impact their ability to generate accurate responses. In this paper, we introduce a new task, Prompt Sensitivity Prediction, and a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Amirhossein Razavi , Mina Soltangheis , Negar Arabzadeh , Sara Salamat , Morteza Zihayat , Ebrahim Bagheri

While large pretrained language models (PLMs) demonstrate incredible fluency and performance on many natural language tasks, recent work has shown that well-performing PLMs are very sensitive to what prompts are feed into them. Even when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Harsh Raj , Domenic Rosati , Subhabrata Majumdar

Objective: This study investigates the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) as an alternative to human expert elicitation for extracting structured causal knowledge and facilitating causal modeling in biometric and healthcare…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Olha Shaposhnyk , Daria Zahorska , Svetlana Yanushkevich

In this work, we evaluate the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in building Bayesian Networks (BNs) by approximating domain expert priors. LLMs have demonstrated potential as factual knowledge bases; however, their capability to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Aliakbar Nafar , Kristen Brent Venable , Zijun Cui , Parisa Kordjamshidi