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This paper is concerned with the nature of probability in physics, and in quantum mechanics in particular. It starts with a brief discussion of the evolution of Itamar Pitowsky's thinking about probability in quantum theory from 1994 to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-23 Harvey R. Brown , Gal Ben Porath

We study a conditional state on a quantum logic using Renyi's approach (or Bayesian principle). This approach helps us to define independence of events and differently from the situation in the classical theory of probability, if an event…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrei Khrenikov , Olga Nánásiová

We demonstrate the quantum probabilistic rule (which differ from classical Bayes' formula by the cosinus factor) can be obtained on purely classical basis as a consequence of the perturbation effect of preparation procedures. In any case…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrei Khrennikov

We discuss how the apparently objective probabilities predicted by quantum mechanics can be treated in the framework of Bayesian probability theory, in which all probabilities are subjective. Our results are in accord with earlier work by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Mark Srednicki

QBism pursues the real by first eliminating the elements of quantum theory too fragile to be ontologies on their own. Thereafter, it seeks an "ontological lesson" from whatever remains. Here, we explore this program by highlighting three…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-17 Christopher A. Fuchs , Blake C. Stacey

It was repeatedly underlined in literature that quantum mechanics cannot be considered a closed theory if the Born Rule is postulated rather than derived from the first principles. In this work the Born Rule is derived from the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-09 Aleksey V. Ilyin

A projective quantum logic in terms of relative states is developed, emphasizing the importance of information transfer between a system under study and its environment. The need for accounting for the historical evolution of system is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Martin Paul Vaughan

Despite the tremendous empirical success of quantum theory there is still widespread disagreement about what it can tell us about the nature of the world. A central question is whether the theory is about our knowledge of reality, or a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-10 Sally Shrapnel , Fabio Costa , Gerard Milburn

Bayesian networks are a canonical formalism for representing probabilistic dependencies, yet their integration within logic programming frameworks remains a nontrivial challenge, mainly due to the complex structure of these networks. In…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Matteo Acclavio , Roberto Maieli

Having analyzed the formal aspects of Wallace's proof of the Born rule, we now discuss the concepts and axioms upon which it is built. Justification for most axioms is shown to be problematic, and at times contradictory. Some of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 André L. G. Mandolesi

The notion of equality between two observables will play many important roles in foundations of quantum theory. However, the standard probabilistic interpretation based on the conventional Born formula does not give the probability of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-04 Masanao Ozawa

Mainstream interpretations of quantum theory maintain that violations of the Bell inequalities deny at least either realism or Einstein locality. Here we investigate the premises of the Bell-type inequalities by returning to earlier…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-31 K. Hess , K. Michielsen , H. De Raedt

In this treatise I introduce the time dependent Generalized Born's Rule for the probabilities of quantum events, including conditional and consecutive probabilities, as the unique fundamental time evolution equation of quantum theory. Then…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-11 Stephen Bruce Sontz

A quantum probability model is introduced and used to explain human probability judgment errors including the conjunction, disjunction, inverse, and conditional fallacies, as well as unpacking effects and partitioning effects. Quantum…

General Physics · Physics 2009-09-16 Jerome R. Busemeyer , Riccardo Franco , Emmanuel M. Pothos

The computational method of parametric probability analysis is introduced. It is demonstrated how to embed logical formulas from the propositional calculus into parametric probability networks, thereby enabling sound reasoning about the…

Logic · Mathematics 2012-05-24 Joseph W. Norman

In a previous paper, we obtained the functional form of quantum potential by a quasi-Newtonian approach and without appealing to the wave function. We also described briefly the characteristics of this approach to the Bohmian mechanics. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-27 Mahdi Atiq , Mozafar Karamian , Mehdi Golshani

Quantum theory can be viewed as a generalization of classical probability theory, but the analogy as it has been developed so far is not complete. Whereas the manner in which inferences are made in classical probability theory is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-04 M. S. Leifer , R. W. Spekkens

I present a proof of the quantum probability rule from decision-theoretic assumptions, in the context of the Everett interpretation. The basic ideas behind the proof are those presented in Deutsch's recent proof of the probability rule, but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 David Wallace

The aim of the paper is to derive essential elements of quantum mechanics from a parametric structure extending that of traditional mathematical statistics. The main extensions, which also can be motivated from an applied statistics point…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-07-10 Inge S. Helland

A problem of incorporating the expert rules into machine learning models for extending the concept-based learning is formulated in the paper. It is proposed how to combine logical rules and neural networks predicting the concept…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Andrei V. Konstantinov , Lev V. Utkin