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By an $abc$ triple, we mean a triple $(a,b,c)$ of relatively prime positive integers $a,b,$ and $c$ such that $a+b=c$ and $\operatorname{rad}(abc)<c$, where $\operatorname{rad}(n)$ denotes the product of the distinct prime factors of $n$.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-29 Elise Alvarez-Salazar , Alexander J. Barrios , Calvin Henaku , Summer Soller

We present a deterministic framework for cryptographic seed generation based on cyclic modular inversion over $\mathbb{Z}/3^p\mathbb{Z}$. The method enforces algebraic admissibility on seed inputs via the identity $d_k \equiv…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Michael A. Idowu

The abc conjecture, one of the most famous open problems in number theory, claims that three positive integers satisfying a+b=c cannot simultaneously have significant repetition among their prime factors; in particular, the product of the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-09-11 Greg Martin , Winnie Miao

For coprime positive integers $a, b, c$, where $a+b=c$, $\gcd(a,b,c)=1$ and $1\leq a < b$, the famous $abc$ conjecture (Masser and Oesterl\`e, 1985) states that for $\varepsilon > 0$, only finitely many $abc$ triples satisfy $c >…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2021-09-22 Zenon B. Batang

We study solutions to the equation $a+b=c$, where $a,b,c$ form a triple of coprime natural numbers. The $abc$ conjecture asserts that, for any $\epsilon>0$, such triples satisfy $\mathrm{rad}(abc) \ge c^{1-\epsilon}$ with finitely many…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Christian Bernert , Tim Browning , Jared Duker Lichtman , Joni Teräväinen

Neural networks can be trained to rank the choices made by logical reasoners, resulting in more efficient searches for answers. A key step in this process is creating useful embeddings, i.e., numeric representations of logical statements.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yifan Zhang , Yasir White , Dean Clark , Joseph Sanchez , Jevon Lipsey , Ashely Hirst , Jeff Heflin

Let ${\rm rad}(n)$ denote the product of distinct prime factors of an integer $n\geq 1$. The celebrated $abc$ conjecture asks whether every solution to the equation $a+b=c$ in triples of coprime integers $(a,b,c)$ must satisfy ${\rm…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-21 Jared Duker Lichtman

This paper demonstrates that extremal ideals can be used to great effect to compute integral closures of powers and symbolic powers of square-free monomial ideals. We show that the generators of these powers are images of the generators of…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Trung Chau , Art Duval , Sara Faridi , Thiago Holleben , Susan Morey , Liana Şega

We propose a symbolic generative task description language and a corresponding inference engine capable of representing arbitrary multimodal tasks as structured symbolic flows. Unlike conventional generative models that rely on large-scale…

We present a method for generating training data for reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards to improve small open-weights language models on mathematical tasks. Existing data generation approaches rely on open-loop pipelines and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Teresa Yeo , Myeongho Jeon , Dulaj Weerakoon , Rui Qiao , Alok Prakash , Armando Solar-Lezama , Archan Misra

A model for quantum tunnelling of a cluster comprising A identical particles, coupled by oscillator-type potential, through short-range repulsive potential barriers is introduced for the first time in the new symmetrized-coordinate…

In 2014, Darmon and Rotger defined the Garrett-Rankin triple product $p$-adic $L$- function and related it to the image of certain diagonal cycles under the $p$-adic Abel- Jacobi map. We introduce a new $p$-adic triple symbol based on this…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Wissam Ghantous

Feature selection aims to identify the optimal feature subset for enhancing downstream models. Effective feature selection can remove redundant features, save computational resources, accelerate the model learning process, and improve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Nanxu Gong , Wangyang Ying , Dongjie Wang , Yanjie Fu

A numerical semigroup is a submonoid of ${\mathbb Z}_{\ge 0}$ whose complement in ${\mathbb Z}_{\ge 0}$ is finite. For any set of positive integers $a,b,c$, the numerical semigroup $S(a,b,c)$ formed by the set of solutions of the inequality…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-11 Edgar Federico Elizeche , Amitabha Tripathi

Neural reasoning accuracy improves when generating intermediate reasoning steps. However, the source of this improvement is yet unclear. Here, we investigate and factorize the benefit of generating intermediate steps for symbolic reasoning.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Yoichi Aoki , Keito Kudo , Tatsuki Kuribayashi , Ana Brassard , Masashi Yoshikawa , Keisuke Sakaguchi , Kentaro Inui

Recent advancements in conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (cGANs) have shown promises in label guided image synthesis. Semantic masks, such as sketches and label maps, are another intuitive and effective form of guidance in image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-04 Yinhao Ren , Zhe Zhu , Yingzhou Li , Joseph Lo

We investigate a relatively underexplored class of hybrid neurosymbolic models integrating symbolic learning with neural reasoning to construct data generators meeting formal correctness criteria. In \textit{Symbolic Neural Generators}…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Ashwin Srinivasan , A Baskar , Tirtharaj Dash , Michael Bain , Sanjay Kumar Dey , Mainak Banerjee

We use computer algebra to study polynomial identities for the trilinear operation [a,b,c] = abc - acb - bac + bca + cab - cba in the free associative algebra. It is known that [a,b,c] satisfies the alternating property in degree 3, no new…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2015-06-05 Murray R. Bremner , Luiz A. Peresi

Linear-time computational techniques have been developed for combining evidence which is available on a number of contending hypotheses. They offer a means of making the computation-intensive calculations involved more efficient in certain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-02 Yaxin Bi , Jiwen W. Guan

We introduce an algorithm to generate multivariate series of symbols from a finite alphabet with a given hierarchical structure of similarities. The target hierarchical structure of similarities is arbitrary, for instance the one obtained…

Computational Physics · Physics 2008-10-08 Mi. Tumminello , F. Lillo , R. N. Mantegna
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