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We explore the potential of large-scale generative video models for autonomous driving, introducing an open-source auto-regressive video model (VaViM) and its companion video-action model (VaVAM) to investigate how video pre-training…

Rigorously testing autonomy systems is essential for making safe self-driving vehicles (SDV) a reality. It requires one to generate safety critical scenarios beyond what can be collected safely in the world, as many scenarios happen rarely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Ze Yang , Yun Chen , Jingkang Wang , Sivabalan Manivasagam , Wei-Chiu Ma , Anqi Joyce Yang , Raquel Urtasun

Driving safely requires multiple capabilities from human and intelligent agents, such as the generalizability to unseen environments, the safety awareness of the surrounding traffic, and the decision-making in complex multi-agent settings.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Quanyi Li , Zhenghao Peng , Lan Feng , Qihang Zhang , Zhenghai Xue , Bolei Zhou

In contemporary autonomous driving testing, virtual simulation has become an important approach due to its efficiency and cost effectiveness. However, existing methods usually rely on reinforcement learning to generate risky scenarios,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Chen Xiong , Cheng Wang , Yuhang Liu , Zirui Wu , Ye Tian

Sim-to-real gap has long posed a significant challenge for robot learning in simulation, preventing the deployment of learned models in the real world. Previous work has primarily focused on domain randomization and system identification to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Ziyang Xie , Zhizheng Liu , Zhenghao Peng , Wayne Wu , Bolei Zhou

Imitation learning is a promising approach for training autonomous vehicles (AV) to navigate complex traffic environments by mimicking expert driver behaviors. While existing imitation learning frameworks focus on leveraging expert…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Yasin Sonmez , Hanna Krasowski , Murat Arcak

Microscopic traffic simulation plays a crucial role in transportation engineering by providing insights into individual vehicle behavior and overall traffic flow. However, creating a realistic simulator that accurately replicates human…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Ke Guo , Zhenwei Miao , Wei Jing , Weiwei Liu , Weizi Li , Dayang Hao , Jia Pan

The interaction between a vehicle navigation system and the driver of the vehicle can be formulated as a model-based reinforcement learning problem, where the navigation systems (agent) must quickly adapt to the characteristics of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Yuda Song , Ye Yuan , Wen Sun , Kris Kitani

Safe autonomous driving requires robust detection of other traffic participants. However, robust does not mean perfect, and safe systems typically minimize missed detections at the expense of a higher false positive rate. This results in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Andreas Bühler , Adrien Gaidon , Andrei Cramariuc , Rares Ambrus , Guy Rosman , Wolfram Burgard

We present a training pipeline for the autonomous driving task given the current camera image and vehicle speed as the input to produce the throttle, brake, and steering control output. The simulator Airsim's convenient weather and lighting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-17 Tianqi Wang , Dong Eui Chang

Driving behavior modeling is of great importance for designing safe, smart, and personalized autonomous driving systems. In this paper, an internal reward function-based driving model that emulates the human's decision-making mechanism is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Zhiyu Huang , Jingda Wu , Chen Lv

Scaling Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models on large-scale data offers a promising path to achieving a more generalized driving intelligence. However, VLA models are limited by a ``supervision deficit'': the vast model capacity is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Yingyan Li , Shuyao Shang , Weisong Liu , Bing Zhan , Haochen Wang , Yuqi Wang , Yuntao Chen , Xiaoman Wang , Yasong An , Chufeng Tang , Lu Hou , Lue Fan , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Autonomous driving promises transformative improvements to transportation, but building systems capable of safely navigating the unstructured complexity of real-world scenarios remains challenging. A critical problem lies in effectively…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Anthony Hu , Lloyd Russell , Hudson Yeo , Zak Murez , George Fedoseev , Alex Kendall , Jamie Shotton , Gianluca Corrado

Current state of the art solutions in the control of an autonomous vehicle mainly use supervised end-to-end learning, or decoupled perception, planning and action pipelines. Another possible solution is deep reinforcement learning, but such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-01-17 Bogdan Trasnea , Andrei Vasilcoi , Claudiu Pozna , Sorin Grigorescu

Recent advancements in autonomous vehicles (AVs) use Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform well in normal driving scenarios. However, ensuring safety in dynamic, high-risk environments and managing safety-critical long-tail events remain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Zhiyuan Zhou , Heye Huang , Boqi Li , Shiyue Zhao , Yao Mu , Jianqiang Wang

Autonomous vehicles require accurate and reliable short-term trajectory predictions for safe and efficient driving. While most commercial automated vehicles currently use state machine-based algorithms for trajectory forecasting, recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Sushil Sharma , Ganesh Sistu , Lucie Yahiaoui , Arindam Das , Mark Halton , Ciarán Eising

Autonomous off-road driving is challenging as risky actions taken by the robot may lead to catastrophic damage. As such, developing controllers in simulation is often desirable as it provides a safer and more economical alternative.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Sean J. Wang , Honghao Zhu , Aaron M. Johnson

Evaluating the decision-making system is indispensable in developing autonomous vehicles, while realistic and challenging safety-critical test scenarios play a crucial role. Obtaining these scenarios is non-trivial, thanks to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Kunkun Hao , Yonggang Luo , Wen Cui , Yuqiao Bai , Jucheng Yang , Songyang Yan , Yuxi Pan , Zijiang Yang

Personalized driving refers to an autonomous vehicle's ability to adapt its driving behavior or control strategies to match individual users' preferences and driving styles while maintaining safety and comfort standards. However, existing…

Visual-language reasoning, driving knowledge, and value alignment are essential for advanced autonomous driving systems. However, existing approaches largely rely on data-driven learning, making it difficult to capture the complex logic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Zhongyu Xia , Wenhao Chen , Yongtao Wang , Ming-Hsuan Yang