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Despite advancements, current quantum hardware faces significant challenges, including limited qubit counts and high susceptibility to noise, which hinder the execution of large, complex algorithms. To address these limitations, multi-node…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Zefan Du , Wenrui Zhang , Wenqi Wei , Juntao Chen , Tao Han , Zhiding Liang , Ying Mao

The development of complex circuits for practical applications in the current quantum computing ecosystem is based on basic primitives such as Bell states, which provide superposition, entanglement, and coherence. The range of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Hillol Biswas

Current quantum computers suffer from noise that stems from interactions between the quantum system that constitutes the quantum device and its environment. These interactions can be suppressed through dynamical decoupling to reduce…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-06 Arefur Rahman , Daniel J. Egger , Christian Arenz

Quantum mechanical problems are among the hardest to simulate and, in some cases, remain intractable even for the most powerful computers. Quantum computing has emerged as a new technological platform to address such challenges, with rapid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-01 Alexander Miessen

Implementing a quantum algorithm on a NISQ device has several challenges that arise from the fact that such devices are noisy and have limited quantum resources. Thus, various factors contributing to the depth and width as well as to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-25 Frank Leymann , Johanna Barzen

Quantum computing is an important developing technology with the potential to revolutionise the landscape of scientific and business problems that can be practically addressed. The widespread excitement derives from the potential for a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-24 R. Cumming , T. Thomas

The recent proliferation of NISQ devices has made it imperative to understand their computational power. In this work, we define and study the complexity class $\textsf{NISQ} $, which is intended to encapsulate problems that can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-14 Sitan Chen , Jordan Cotler , Hsin-Yuan Huang , Jerry Li

Instruction scheduling is a key compiler optimization in quantum computing, just as it is for classical computing. Current schedulers optimize for data parallelism by allowing simultaneous execution of instructions, as long as their qubits…

Rapid advancements in cloud based platforms providing access to quantum computing capabilities have opened up several challenges for efficient usage of these highly delicate and costly devices. Although most of the current systems use a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Abhishek Sawaika , Udaya Parampalli , Rajkumar Buyya

For a large number of tasks, quantum computing demonstrates the potential for exponential acceleration over classical computing. In the NISQ era, variable-component subcircuits enable applications of quantum computing. To reduce the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-12 Junhan Qin

Despite the rapid development of quantum computing these years, state-of-the-art quantum devices still contain only a very limited number of qubits. One possible way to execute more realistic algorithms in near-term quantum devices is to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-04 Xin Hong , Yuan Feng , Sanjiang Li , Mingsheng Ying

Variational quantum circuits build the foundation for various classes of quantum algorithms. In a nutshell, the weights of a parametrized quantum circuit are varied until the empirical sampling distribution of the circuit is sufficiently…

Quantum computers are expected to be highly beneficial for chemistry simulations, promising significant improvements in accuracy and speed. The most prominent algorithm for chemistry simulations on NISQ devices is the Variational Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-27 Marita Oliv , Andrea Matic , Thomas Messerer , Jeanette Miriam Lorenz

When quantum programs are executed on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers, they experience hardware noise; consequently, the program outputs are often erroneous. To mitigate the adverse effects of hardware noise, it is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-21 Tirthak Patel , Daniel Silver , Devesh Tiwari

Noisy, intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers are expected to execute quantum circuits of up to a few hundred qubits. The circuits have to conform to NISQ architectural constraints regarding qubit allocation and the execution of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-10 Alexandru Paler , Alwin Zulehner , Robert Wille

Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware has unavoidable noises, and crosstalk error is a significant error source. When multiple quantum operations are executed simultaneously, the quantum state can be corrupted due to the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Siyuan Niu , Aida Todri-Sanial

Distributing quantum workloads over many Quantum Processing Units (QPUs) is a crucial step in scaling up quantum computers toward practical quantum advantage due to the limitations in size of a single QPU. In the absence of high-fidelity…

Recent technological developments have focused the interest of the quantum computing community on investigating how near-term devices could outperform classical computers for practical applications. A central question that remains open is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-24 Daniel Stilck Franca , Raul Garcia-Patron

Neutral atom Quantum Processing Units (QPUs) are emerging as a popular quantum computing technology due to their large qubit counts and flexible connectivity. However, performance challenges arise as large circuits experience significant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Francisco Romão , Daniel Vonk , Emmanuil Giortamis , Dennis Sprokholt , Pramod Bhatotia

A quantum processing unit (QPU) must contain a large number of high quality qubits to produce accurate results for problems at useful scales. In contrast, most scientific and industry classical computation workloads happen in parallel on…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Wei Tang , Margaret Martonosi