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Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are increasingly evaluated across multiple simulation benchmarks, yet adding each benchmark to an evaluation pipeline requires resolving incompatible dependencies, matching underspecified evaluation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Suhwan Choi , Yunsung Lee , Yubeen Park , Chris Dongjoo Kim , Ranjay Krishna , Dieter Fox , Youngjae Yu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models improve action generation by conditioning policies on rich vision-language information. However, current auto-regressive policies are constrained by three bottlenecks: (1) architectural bias drives models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yichi Zhang , Weihao Yuan , Yizhuo Zhang , Xidong Zhang , Jia Wan

Vision-Language-Action models (VLAs) are emerging as powerful tools for learning generalizable visuomotor control policies. However, current VLAs are mostly trained on large-scale image-text-action data and remain limited in two key ways:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Wenqi Liang , Gan Sun , Yao He , Jiahua Dong , Suyan Dai , Ivan Laptev , Salman Khan , Yang Cong

Vision--Language--Action (VLA) policies have shown strong progress in mapping language instructions and visual observations to robotic actions, yet their reliability degrades in cluttered scenes with distractors. By analyzing failure cases,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Jiaying Zhou , Zhihao Zhan , Ruifeng Zhai , Qinhan Lyu , Hao Liu , Keze Wang , Liang Lin , Guangrun Wang

Embodied AI is widely recognized as a cornerstone of artificial general intelligence (AGI) because it involves controlling embodied agents to perform tasks in the physical world. Building on the success of large language models (LLMs) and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Yueen Ma , Zixing Song , Yuzheng Zhuang , Jianye Hao , Irwin King

In robotic manipulation, vision-language-action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising paradigm for learning generalizable and scalable robot policies. Most existing VLA frameworks rely on standard supervised objectives, typically…

Robotic systems often face execution failures due to unexpected obstacles, sensor errors, or environmental changes. Traditional failure recovery methods rely on predefined strategies or human intervention, making them less adaptable. This…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Faseeh Ahmad , Hashim Ismail , Jonathan Styrud , Maj Stenmark , Volker Krueger

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing scientific research, yet its growing integration into laboratory environments presents critical safety challenges. Large language models (LLMs) and vision language models (VLMs) now assist in…

Vision-language-action (VLA) models have significantly advanced robotic manipulation by enabling robots to interpret language instructions for task execution. However, training these models often relies on large-scale user-specific data,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Cui Miao , Tao Chang , Meihan Wu , Hongbin Xu , Chun Li , Ming Li , Xiaodong Wang

We propose a CompliantVLA-adaptor that augments the state-of-the-art Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models with vision-language model (VLM)-informed context-aware variable impedance control (VIC) to improve the safety and effectiveness of…

In this paper, we introduce a novel kinematics-rich vision-language-action (VLA) task, in which language commands densely encode diverse kinematic attributes (such as direction, trajectory, orientation, and relative displacement) from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Gaoge Han , Zhengqing Gao , Ziwen Li , Jiaxin Huang , Shaoli Huang , Fakhri Karray , Mingming Gong , Tongliang Liu

Current research on Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models predominantly focuses on enhancing generalization through established reasoning techniques. While effective, these improvements invariably increase computational complexity and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Riccardo Andrea Izzo , Gianluca Bardaro , Matteo Matteucci

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, yet universal and transferable attacks remain underexplored, as most existing patches overfit to a single model and fail in black-box settings. To address this gap,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Hui Lu , Yi Yu , Yiming Yang , Chenyu Yi , Qixin Zhang , Bingquan Shen , Alex C. Kot , Xudong Jiang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models show promising ability in language-guided robotic tasks. However, making VLA policies reliable remains challenging, because a manipulation task is completed through closed-loop interaction, where each…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Peizheng Guo , Jingyao Wang , Changwen Zheng , Wenwen Qiang

The evaluation of Vision-Language-Action (VLA) agents is hindered by the coarse, end-task success metric that fails to provide precise skill diagnosis or measure robustness to real-world perturbations. This challenge is exacerbated by a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jierui Peng , Yanyan Zhang , Yicheng Duan , Tuo Liang , Vipin Chaudhary , Yu Yin

The reliance on language in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models introduces ambiguity, cognitive overhead, and difficulties in precise object identification and sequential task execution, particularly in environments with multiple visually…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Donggeon Kim , Seungwon Jan , Hyeonjun Park , Daegyu Lim

Disassembly automation has long been pursued to address the growing demand for efficient and proper recovery of valuable components from the end-of-life (EoL) electronic products. Existing approaches have demonstrated promising and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Chang Liu , Sibo Tian , Xiao Liang , Minghui Zheng

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) face safety misalignment, where visual inputs enable harmful outputs. To address this, existing methods require explicit safety labels or contrastive data; yet, threat-related concepts are concrete…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Qishun Yang , Shu Yang , Lijie Hu , Di Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models offer a compelling framework for tackling complex robotic manipulation tasks, but they are often expensive to train. In this paper, we propose a novel VLA approach that leverages the competitive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Max Argus , Jelena Bratulic , Houman Masnavi , Maxim Velikanov , Nick Heppert , Abhinav Valada , Thomas Brox

The rapid progress of multimodal large language models (MLLM) has paved the way for Vision-Language-Action (VLA) paradigms, which integrate visual perception, natural language understanding, and control within a single policy. Researchers…