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We consider a generic system operating under non-equilibrium conditions. Explicitly, we consider an inertial classical Brownian particle dwelling a periodic structure with a spatially broken reflection symmetry. The particle is coupled to a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-07-15 P. Hänggi , J. Łuczka , J. Spiechowicz

We discuss the two-dimensional motion of a Brownian particle that is confined to a harmonic trap and driven by a shear flow. The surrounding medium induces memory effects modelled by a linear, typically nonreciprocal coupling of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-04-26 Lea Fernandez , Siegfried Hess , Sabine H. L. Klapp

We present a theory for the steady-state dynamics of a two-dimensional system of spherically symmetric active Brownian particles. The derivation of the theory consists of two steps. First, we integrate out the self-propulsions and obtain a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-05-01 Grzegorz Szamel

While the collective dynamics of spherical active Brownian particles is relatively well understood by now, the much more complex dynamics of nonspherical active particles still raises interesting open questions. Previous work has shown that…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-07-31 Stephan Bröker , Michael te Vrugt , Raphael Wittkowski

The pressure of suspensions of self-propelled objects is studied theoretically and by simulation of spherical active Brownian particles (ABP). We show that for certain geometries, the mechanical pressure as force/area of a confined systems…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-06-03 Roland G. Winkler , Adam Wysocki , Gerhard Gompper

A system of particles with motility variable in terms of a vision-type of perception is here investigated by a combination of Langevin dynamics simulations in two-dimensional systems and an analytical approach based on conservation law…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-07-03 Rodrigo Saavedra , Gerhard Gompper , Marisol Ripoll

Within a simple model of attractive active Brownian particles, we predict flocking behavior and challenge the widespread idea that alignment interactions are necessary to observe this collective phenomenon. Here, we show that even…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-04-19 Lorenzo Caprini , Hartmut Löwen

We study the stationary states of an over-damped active Brownian particle (ABP) in a harmonic trap in two dimensions, via mathematical calculations and numerical simulations. In addition to translational diffusion, the ABP self-propels with…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-07-27 Urvashi Nakul , Manoj Gopalakrishnan

Collective motion in actively propelled particle systems is triggered on the very local scale by nucleation of coherently moving units consisting of just a handful of particles. These units grow and merge over time, ending up in a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-11-26 Timo Hanke , Christoph A. Weber , Erwin Frey

The co-localization of density modulations and particle polarization is a characteristic emergent feature of motile active matter in activity gradients. It can therefore play the role of a smoking gun for the mesoscale detection of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-06-09 Sven Auschra , Viktor Holubec , Nicola Andreas Söker , Frank Cichos , Klaus Kroy

In this study, we conduct experimental investigations on the behavior of confined self-propelled particles within a circular arena, employing small commercial robots capable of locomotion, communication, and information processing. These…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-31 E. Barone , G. A. Patterson

Various challenges are faced when animalcules such as bacteria, protozoa, algae, or sperms move autonomously in aqueous media at low Reynolds number. These active agents are subject to strong stochastic fluctuations, that compete with the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-01-16 Christina Kurzthaler , Sebastian Leitmann , Thomas Franosch

The physics of activated escape of objects out of a metastable state plays a key role in diverse scientific areas involving chemical kinetics, diffusion and dislocation motion in solids, nucleation, electrical transport, motion of flux…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2016-08-08 D. Hennig , C. Mulhern , L. Schimansky-Geier , G. P. Tsironis , P. Hänggi

Guiding active motion is important for targeted delivery, sensing, and search tasks. Many active systems exhibit circular swimming, ubiquitous in chemical, physical, and biological systems, that biases motion and reduces transport…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-02-26 Amir Shee

Unlike equilibrium systems, active matter is not governed by the conventional laws of thermodynamics. Through a series of analytic calculations and Langevin dynamics simulations, we explore how systems cross over from equilibrium to active…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-03-28 Ayhan Duzgun , Jonathan V. Selinger

Self-propelled particles move along circles rather than along a straight line when their driving force does not coincide with their propagation direction. Examples include confined bacteria and spermatozoa, catalytically driven nanorods,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2008-08-18 Sven van Teeffelen , Hartmut Löwen

We present a mode-coupling theory (MCT) for the high-density dynamics of two-dimensional spherical active Brownian particles (ABP). The theory is based on the integration-through-transients (ITT) formalism and hence provides a starting…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-12-20 Alexander Liluashvili , Jonathan Onody , Thomas Voigtmann

A binary system of particles that move in opposite directions under an applied field can exhibit disordered states as well as laned states where the particles organize into oppositely moving high-mobility lanes to reduce collisions.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-21 C. Reichhardt , C. J. O. Reichhardt

The transport of self-propelled particles such as bacteria and phoretic swimmers through crowded heterogeneous environments is relevant to many natural and engineering processes, from biofilm formation and contamination processes to…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-04-10 Roberto Alonso-Matilla , Brato Chakrabarti , David Saintillan

We discuss biologically inspired, inherently non-equilibrium self-propelled particle models, in which the particles interact with their neighbours by choosing at each time step the local average direction of motion. We summarize some of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andras Czirok , Tamas Vicsek