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Diffusion-based large language models (DLLMs) have recently attracted growing interest as an alternative to autoregressive decoders. In this work, we present an empirical study on using the diffusion-based large language model LLaDA for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-02 Mengqi Wang , Zhan Liu , Zengrui Jin , Guangzhi Sun , Chao Zhang , Philip C. Woodland

As AI chatbots become ubiquitous, voice interaction presents a compelling way to enable rapid, high-bandwidth communication for both semantic and social signals. This has driven research into Large Audio Models (LAMs) to power voice-native…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Minzhi Li , William Barr Held , Michael J Ryan , Kunat Pipatanakul , Potsawee Manakul , Hao Zhu , Diyi Yang

Speech Language Models (SpeechLMs) model tokenized speech to capture both semantic and acoustic information. When neural audio codecs based on Residual Vector Quantization (RVQ) are used as audio tokenizers, they produce multiple discrete…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Issa Sugiura , Shuhei Kurita , Yusuke Oda , Ryuichiro Higashinaka

LLM-based automatic speech recognition models demonstrate strong performance by connecting audio encoders and LLMs. However, data scarcity of paired speech and transcription often hinders their adaptation to new domains, making text-only…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ryo Magoshi , Takashi Maekaku , Yusuke Shinohara

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) excel at perception but struggle with complex reasoning requiring precise acoustic measurements. While external tools can extract fine-grained features like exact tempo or pitch, effective integration…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Siqian Tong , Xuan Li , Yiwei Wang , Baolong Bi , Yujun Cai , Shenghua Liu , Yuchen He , Chengpeng Hao

Audio large language models (Audio LLMs) demonstrate strong performance on speech understanding tasks, yet their ability to understand paralinguistic information remains limited. To systematically quantify this issue, we introduce…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jiacheng Pang , Ashutosh Chaubey , Mohammad Soleymani

How does textual representation of audio relate to the Large Language Model's (LLMs) learning about the audio world? This research investigates the extent to which LLMs can be prompted to generate audio, despite their primary training in…

Medical audio signals, such as heart and lung sounds, play a crucial role in clinical diagnosis. However, analyzing these signals remains challenging: traditional methods rely on handcrafted features or supervised deep learning models that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Tsai-Ning Wang , Lin-Lin Chen , Neil Zeghidour , Aaqib Saeed

Interactions with virtual assistants typically start with a predefined trigger phrase followed by the user command. To make interactions with the assistant more intuitive, we explore whether it is feasible to drop the requirement that users…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Dominik Wagner , Alexander Churchill , Siddharth Sigtia , Panayiotis Georgiou , Matt Mirsamadi , Aarshee Mishra , Erik Marchi

Various audio-LLMs (ALLMs) have been explored recently for tackling different audio tasks simultaneously using a single, unified model. While existing evaluations of ALLMs primarily focus on single-audio tasks, real-world applications often…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Yiming Chen , Xianghu Yue , Xiaoxue Gao , Chen Zhang , Luis Fernando D'Haro , Robby T. Tan , Haizhou Li

Speech quality assessment typically requires evaluating audio from multiple aspects, such as mean opinion score (MOS) and speaker similarity (SIM) \etc., which can be challenging to cover using one small model designed for a single task. In…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-02 Siyin Wang , Wenyi Yu , Yudong Yang , Changli Tang , Yixuan Li , Jimin Zhuang , Xianzhao Chen , Xiaohai Tian , Jun Zhang , Guangzhi Sun , Lu Lu , Yuxuan Wang , Chao Zhang

Understanding the internal mechanisms of large audio-language models (LALMs) is crucial for interpreting their behavior and improving performance. This work presents the first in-depth analysis of how LALMs internally perceive and recognize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Chih-Kai Yang , Neo Ho , Yi-Jyun Lee , Hung-yi Lee

While textless Spoken Language Models (SLMs) have shown potential in end-to-end speech-to-speech modeling, they still lag behind text-based Large Language Models (LLMs) in terms of semantic coherence and relevance. This work introduces the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Guan-Ting Lin , Prashanth Gurunath Shivakumar , Aditya Gourav , Yile Gu , Ankur Gandhe , Hung-yi Lee , Ivan Bulyko

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in tasks involving audio perception and understanding, such as speech recognition and audio captioning. However, their reasoning capabilities - critical for…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Ziyang Ma , Zhuo Chen , Yuping Wang , Eng Siong Chng , Xie Chen

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has sparked growing interest in their application to time series analysis tasks. However, their ability to perform complex reasoning over temporal data in real-world application domains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Wen Ye , Jinbo Liu , Defu Cao , Wei Yang , Yan Liu

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) have shown strong performance in speech understanding, making speech a natural interface for accessing factual information. Yet they are trained on static corpora and may encode incorrect facts. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Sung Kyun Chung , Jiaheng Dong , Qiuchi Hu , Gongping Huang , Hong Jia , Ting Dang

While the automatic evaluation of omni-modal large models (OLMs) is essential, assessing empathy remains a significant challenge due to its inherent affectivity. To investigate this challenge, we introduce AEQ-Bench (Audio Empathy Quotient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Xuan Luo , Lewei Yao , Libo Zhao , Lanqing Hong , Kai Chen , Dehua Tao , Daxin Tan , Ruifeng Xu , Jing Li

We introduce AudioBench, a universal benchmark designed to evaluate Audio Large Language Models (AudioLLMs). It encompasses 8 distinct tasks and 26 datasets, among which, 7 are newly proposed datasets. The evaluation targets three main…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Bin Wang , Xunlong Zou , Geyu Lin , Shuo Sun , Zhuohan Liu , Wenyu Zhang , Zhengyuan Liu , AiTi Aw , Nancy F. Chen

Speech-to-speech large language models (SLLMs) are attracting increasing attention. Derived from text-based large language models (LLMs), SLLMs often exhibit degradation in knowledge and reasoning capabilities. We hypothesize that this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Yuhao Zhang , Yuhao Du , Zhanchen Dai , Xiangnan Ma , Kaiqi Kou , Benyou Wang , Haizhou Li

Pre-training large language models (LLMs) faces significant memory challenges due to the large size of model parameters. We introduce STaged parameter-Efficient Pre-training (STEP), which integrates parameter-efficient tuning techniques…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Kazuki Yano , Takumi Ito , Jun Suzuki