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Topological insulators (TIs) are a new class of quantum materials that exhibit spin momentum locking (SML) of massless Dirac fermions in the surface states. Usually optical methods, such as angle and spin-resolved photoemission…
We experimentally demonstrate a method to determine the temperature of trapped ions which is suitable for monitoring fast thermalization processes. We show that observing and analyzing the lineshape of dark resonances in the fluorescence…
The analysis of Balmer-dominated optical spectra from non-radiative (adiabatic) SNRs has shown that the ratio of the electron to proton temperature temperature at the blast wave is close to unity at v_s <= 400 km/s, but declines sharply…
We develop an all-electron path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) method with free-particle nodes for warm dense matter and apply it to water and carbon plasmas. We thereby extend PIMC studies beyond hydrogen and helium to elements with core…
X-ray Thomson scattering is being developed as a method to measure the temperature, electron density, and ionization state of high energy density plasmas such as those used in inertial confinement fusion. X-ray laser sources have always…
Colloids with patchy metal coating under laser irradiation could act as local sources of heat due to the absorption of light. While for asymmetric colloids this could induce self-propulsion, it also leads to the generation of a slowly…
Ion conducting materials are critical components of batteries, fuel cells, and devices such as memristive switches. Analytical tools are therefore sought that allow the behavior of ions in solids to be monitored and analyzed with high…
The detonation behaviors during thermonuclear burning indicate a state of robust hot spot burning and are widely present in astronomical phenomena, such as supernovae. In this work, we propose an analytical model including alpha-particle…
We report on the realization of a platform for trapping and manipulating individual $^{88}$Sr atoms in optical tweezers. A first cooling stage based on a blue shielded magneto-optical trap (MOT) operating on the $^1S_0$ -> $^1P_1$…
Samples of ultracold 174 Yb+ ions, confined in a linear radio-frequency Paul trap, are heated via self-induced micromotion interruption, while their temperature, density, and therefore structural phase are monitored and simulated. The…
The heat capacity of iron isotopes is calculated within the interacting shell model using the complete $(pf+0g_{9/2})$-shell. We identify a signature of the pairing transition in the heat capacity that is correlated with the suppression of…
How the solar corona is heated to high temperatures remains an unsolved mystery in solar physics. In the present study we analyse observations of 50 whole active-region loops taken with the Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on…
A central problem of space plasma physics is how protons and electrons are heated in a turbulent, magnetized plasma. The differential heating of charged species due to dissipation of turbulent fluctuations plays a key role in solar wind…
We analyze measured proton and electron temperatures in the high-speed solar wind in order to calculate the separate rates of heat deposition for protons and electrons. When comparing with other regions of the heliosphere, the fast solar…
We investigate the thermodynamic properties of a trappoed Bose gas of Rb atoms interacting through a repulsive potential by Quantum Monte Carlo method based upon the generalization of Feynman-Kac method[1] applicable to many body systems at…
Cooling of particles to mK-temperatures is essential for a variety of experiments with trapped charged particles. However, many species of interest lack suitable electronic transitions for direct laser cooling. We study theoretically the…
A methodology is presented for estimating average values for the temperature and the frictional traction over a tool-workpiece interface using measured values of force and torque applied to the tool. The approach was developed specifically…
We propose a mechanism for testing the theory of collapse models such as continuous spontaneous localization (CSL) by examining the parametric heating rate of a trapped nanosphere. The random localizations of the centre-of-mass for a given…
We investigate the basic thermal, mechanical and structural properties of body centred cubic iron ($\alpha$-Fe) at several temperatures and positive loading by means of Molecular Dynamics simulations in conjunction with the embedded-atom…
Heating of charged particles via collisionless shocks, while ubiquitous in the universe, is an intriguing yet puzzling plasma phenomenon. One outstanding question is how electrons and ions approach an equilibrium after they were heated to…