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The reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have advanced rapidly, particularly following the release of DeepSeek R1, which has inspired a surge of research into data quality and reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Jian Yao , Ran Cheng , Xingyu Wu , Jibin Wu , Kay Chen Tan

With the widespread application of large language models (LLMs) in the field of code intelligence, increasing attention has been paid to the reliability and controllability of their outputs in code reasoning tasks. Confidence estimation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Shufan Wang , Xing Hu , Junkai Chen , Zhiyuan Pan , Xin Xia

This paper investigates data selection and model merging methodologies aimed at incorporating advanced reasoning capabilities such as those of DeepSeek R1 into language-specific large language models (LLMs), with a particular focus on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Kunat Pipatanakul , Pittawat Taveekitworachai , Potsawee Manakul , Kasima Tharnpipitchai

Large language models (LLMs) with reasoning capabilities have fueled a compelling narrative that reasoning universally improves performance across language tasks. We test this claim through a comprehensive evaluation of 504 configurations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Donghao Huang , Zhaoxia Wang

DeepSeek-V3 and DeepSeek-R1 are leading open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) for general-purpose tasks and reasoning, achieving performance comparable to state-of-the-art closed-source models from companies like OpenAI and Anthropic --…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Chengen Wang , Murat Kantarcioglu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown significant general language understanding abilities. However, there has been a scarcity of attempts to assess the logical reasoning capacities of these LLMs, an essential facet of natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Hanmeng liu , Zhiyang Teng , Ruoxi Ning , Yiran Ding , Xiulai Li , Xiaozhang Liu , Yue Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been touted as AI models possessing advanced reasoning abilities. In theory, autoregressive LLMs with Chain-of-Thought (CoT) can perform more serial computations to solve complex reasoning tasks. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Rishi Hazra , Gabriele Venturato , Pedro Zuidberg Dos Martires , Luc De Raedt

Doctors and patients alike increasingly use Large Language Models (LLMs) to diagnose clinical cases. However, unlike domains such as math or coding, where correctness can be objectively defined by the final answer, medical diagnosis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Kevin Wu , Eric Wu , Rahul Thapa , Kevin Wei , Angela Zhang , Arvind Suresh , Jacqueline J. Tao , Min Woo Sun , Alejandro Lozano , James Zou

The focus of language model evaluation has transitioned towards reasoning and knowledge-intensive tasks, driven by advancements in pretraining large models. While state-of-the-art models are partially trained on large Arabic texts,…

Test-time scaling, which leverages additional computation during inference to improve model accuracy, has enabled a new class of Large Language Models (LLMs) that are able to reason through complex problems by understanding the goal,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Shaltiel Shmidman , Asher Fredman , Oleg Sudakov , Meriem Bendris

Achieving human-level intelligence requires refining the transition from the fast, intuitive System 1 to the slower, more deliberate System 2 reasoning. While System 1 excels in quick, heuristic decisions, System 2 relies on logical…

In this paper, we introduce Rank-R1, a novel LLM-based reranker that performs reasoning over both the user query and candidate documents before performing the ranking task. Existing document reranking methods based on large language models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Shengyao Zhuang , Xueguang Ma , Bevan Koopman , Jimmy Lin , Guido Zuccon

In recent years, the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has made significant breakthroughs in the field of natural language processing and has gradually been applied to the field of humanities and social sciences research. LLMs…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Peiran Gu , Fuhao Duan , Wenhao Li , Bochen Xu , Ying Cai , Teng Yao , Chenxun Zhuo , Tianming Liu , Bao Ge

Theorem proving serves as a major testbed for evaluating complex reasoning abilities in large language models (LLMs). However, traditional automated theorem proving (ATP) approaches rely heavily on formal proof systems that poorly align…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Ziyin Zhang , Jiahao Xu , Zhiwei He , Tian Liang , Qiuzhi Liu , Yansi Li , Linfeng Song , Zhenwen Liang , Zhuosheng Zhang , Rui Wang , Zhaopeng Tu , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant promise for various applications in healthcare. However, their efficacy in the Arabic medical domain remains unexplored due to the lack of high-quality domain-specific datasets and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Mouath Abu Daoud , Chaimae Abouzahir , Leen Kharouf , Walid Al-Eisawi , Nizar Habash , Farah E. Shamout

Recent advancements in reinforcement learning (RL) for large language models (LLMs), exemplified by DeepSeek R1, have shown that even a simple question-answering task can substantially improve an LLM's reasoning capabilities. In this work,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Stephen Chung , Wenyu Du , Jie Fu

The recent DeepSeek-R1 release has demonstrated the immense potential of reinforcement learning (RL) in enhancing the general reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). While DeepSeek-R1 and other follow-up work primarily focus…

We introduce a large language model (LLM) based approach to answer complex questions requiring multi-hop numerical reasoning over financial reports. While LLMs have exhibited remarkable performance on various natural language and reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Karmvir Singh Phogat , Chetan Harsha , Sridhar Dasaratha , Shashishekar Ramakrishna , Sai Akhil Puranam

Recent advances in test-time scaling of large language models (LLMs), exemplified by DeepSeek-R1 and OpenAI's o1, show that extending the chain of thought during inference can significantly improve general reasoning performance. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yinghao Hu , Yaoyao Yu , Leilei Gan , Bin Wei , Kun Kuang , Fei Wu

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) such as DeepSeek-R1 and OpenAI o1 have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various reasoning tasks. Their strong capability to generate and reason over intermediate thoughts has also led to arguments that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Saurabh Srivastava , Ziyu Yao