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As low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems are gaining increasing popularity, new theoretical methodologies are required to investigate such networks' performance at large. This is because deterministic and location-based…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-06 Niloofar Okati , Taneli Riihonen , Dani Korpi , Ilari Angervuori , Risto Wichman

In this paper, we propose a spatial-temporal learning-based distributed routing framework for dynamic Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks, where graph attention networks (GAT) and long short-term memory (LSTM) are integrated within a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Po-Heng Chou , Chiapin Wang , Shou-Yu Chen , Hsiang-Ming Wang

This paper proposes a new architecture for the low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite ground station aided by movable antenna (MA) array. Unlike conventional fixed-position antenna (FPA), the MA array can flexibly adjust antenna positions to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-10 Jinming Wang , Lipeng Zhu , Shuai Han , He Sun , Rui Zhang

Direct satellite-to-device (DS2D) communication enables standard mobile devices to connect directly to low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, providing global coverage without reliance on terrestrial infrastructure. However, the DS2D uplink is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-24 Rajan Shrestha , Hayder Al-Hraishawi

With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT), low earth orbit (LEO) satellite IoT is expected to provide low power, massive connectivity and wide coverage IoT applications. In this context, this paper provides a massive grant-free…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Ming Ying , Xiaoming Chen , Xiaodan Shao

The robustness and accuracy of a vision system for motion estimation of a tumbling target satellite are enhanced by an adaptive Kalman filter. This allows a vision-guided robot to complete the grasping of the target even if occlusion occurs…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Farhad Aghili

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite plays an indispensable role in the earth network because of its low latency, large capacity, and seamless global coverage. For such an unprecedented extensive irregular system, stochastic geometry (SG) is a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Ruibo Wang , Mustafa A. Kishk , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

The regenerative capabilities of next-generation satellite systems offer a novel approach to design low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems, enabling full flexibility in bandwidth and spot beam management, power control, and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Sovit Bhandari , Thang X. Vu , Symeon Chatzinotas

This study investigates a communication-centric integrated sensing and communication system that utilizes orthogonal time-frequency space (OTFS) modulated signals emitted by low Earth orbit satellites to estimate the parameters of space…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-14 Tong Ding , Luca Venturino , Emanuele Grossi

Caching is crucial in hybrid satellite-terrestrial networks to reduce latency, optimize throughput, and improve data availability by storing frequently accessed content closer to users, especially in bandwidth-limited satellite systems,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-07 Zhou Zhang , Yizhu Wang , Saman Atapattu , Sumei Sun

The coming extension of cellular technology to base-stations in low-earth orbit (LEO) requires a fresh look at terrestrial 3GPP channel models. Relative to such models, sky-to-ground cellular channels will exhibit less diffraction, deeper…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-30 Eunsun Kim , Ian P. Roberts , Peter A. Iannucci , Jeffrey G. Andrews

With the rapid development of sixth-generation (6G) communication technology, global communication networks are moving towards the goal of comprehensive and seamless coverage. In particular, low earth orbit (LEO) satellites have become a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-08 Wenjun Lan , Kongyang Chen , Jiannong Cao , Yikai Li , Ning Li , Qi Chen , Yuvraj Sahni

Resource allocation is a key factor in multiuser (MU) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless systems to provide high quality of service to all user equipments (UEs). In congested scenarios, UE scheduling enables UEs to be…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Victoria Palhares , Christoph Studer

Given their extensive geographic coverage, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites are envisioned to find their way into next-generation (6G) wireless communications. This paper explores space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGINs) leveraging…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Chao Zhang , Qingchao Li , Chao Xu , Lie-Liang Yang , Lajos Hanzo

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks are emerging as a key infrastructure for global connectivity and space-based sensing. Many tasks in such systems can be formulated as measurement-set-to-spatial-inference problems, where spatial…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Liping Tao , Xindi Tong , Chee Wei Tan

The computation of positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) via signal of opportunity (SOP), where signals originally transmitted for communication, such as 5G, Wi-Fi, or DVB-S, are exploited due to their ubiquity and spectral…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-22 Francesco Zanirato , Alessio Curzio , Francesco Ardizzon , Elisa Sbalchiero , Luca Canzian , Stefano Tomasin , Nicola Laurenti , Jaron Samson

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites have gained increasing attention as potential signal sources for Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) applications. However, while most existing studies focus on multi-satellite LEO constellations, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-23 Qi Liu , Marc Fernandez-Temprado , Antoni Reus-Bergas , Gonzalo Seco-Granados , Jose A. Lopez-Salcedo

Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations expand 5G coverage to remote regions but differ fundamentally from terrestrial networks due to rapidly changing topologies, fluctuating delays, and constrained onboard resources. Existing 3GPP Non-Access…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 Arshiya Rezaie Hezaveh , Peng Hu

Large low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks are being built to provide low-latency broadband Internet access to a global subscriber base. In addition to network transmissions, researchers have proposed embedding compute resources in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Tobias Pfandzelter , David Bermbach

It is commonly expected that future fifth generation (5G) networks will be deployed with a high spatial density of access nodes (ANs) in order to meet the envisioned capacity requirements of the upcoming wireless networks. Densification is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-15 Mike Koivisto , Mário Costa , Aki Hakkarainen , Kari Leppänen , Mikko Valkama