English
Related papers

Related papers: Stop Misusing t-SNE and UMAP for Visual Analytics

200 papers

Encouraged by the success of deep learning in a variety of domains, we investigate a novel application of its methods on the effectiveness of detecting user confusion in eye-tracking data. We introduce an architecture that uses RNN and CNN…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Shane Sims , Cristina Conati

Subspace clustering algorithms are used for understanding the cluster structure that explains the dataset well. These methods are extensively used for data-exploration tasks in various areas of Natural Sciences. However, most of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Ashutosh Singh , Ashish Singh , Aria Masoomi , Tales Imbiriba , Erik Learned-Miller , Deniz Erdogmus

This work is concerned with the continuum limit of a graph-based data visualization technique called the t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE), which is widely used for visualizing data in a variety of applications, but is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-15 Jeff Calder , Zhonggan Huang , Ryan Murray , Adam Pickarski

We use graphical methods to probe neural nets that classify images. Plots of t-SNE outputs at successive layers in a network reveal increasingly organized arrangement of the data points. They can also reveal how a network can diminish or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Christopher R. Hoyt , Art B. Owen

We present S+t-SNE, an adaptation of the t-SNE algorithm designed to handle infinite data streams. The core idea behind S+t-SNE is to update the t-SNE embedding incrementally as new data arrives, ensuring scalability and adaptability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Pedro C. Vieira , João P. Montrezol , João T. Vieira , João Gama

Subspace clustering refers to the problem of clustering unlabeled high-dimensional data points into a union of low-dimensional linear subspaces, assumed unknown. In practice one may have access to dimensionality-reduced observations of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-29 Reinhard Heckel , Michael Tschannen , Helmut Bölcskei

The booming interest in adversarial attacks stems from a misalignment between human vision and a deep neural network (DNN), i.e. a human imperceptible perturbation fools the DNN. Moreover, a single perturbation, often called universal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Chaoning Zhang , Philipp Benz , Adil Karjauv , In So Kweon

Modern methods in dimensionality reduction are dominated by nonlinear attraction-repulsion force-based methods (this includes t-SNE, UMAP, ForceAtlas2, LargeVis, and many more). The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that all such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Yulan Zhang , Anna C. Gilbert , Stefan Steinerberger

The t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) is a powerful and popular method for visualizing high-dimensional data. It minimizes the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence between the original and embedded data distributions. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Daniel Jiwoong Im , Nakul Verma , Kristin Branson

This study aims to address the problem of incomplete information in unimodal images for semantic segmentation and object detection tasks. Existing multimodal fusion methods suffer from limited capability in discriminative modeling of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yuchan Jie , Yushen Xu , Xiaosong Li , Huafeng Li , Haishu Tan , Feiping Nie

SpectralNet is a graph clustering method that uses neural network to find an embedding that separates the data. So far it was only used with $k$-nn graphs, which are usually constructed using a distance metric (e.g., Euclidean distance).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Mashaan Alshammari , John Stavrakakis , Adel F. Ahmed , Masahiro Takatsuka

To perform visual data exploration, many dimensionality reduction methods have been developed. These tools allow data analysts to represent multidimensional data in a 2D or 3D space, while preserving as much relevant information as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Benoît Colange , Laurent Vuillon , Sylvain Lespinats , Denys Dutykh

In ordinary Dimensionality Reduction (DR), each data instance in a high dimensional space (original space), or on a distance matrix denoting original space distances, is mapped to (projected onto) one point in a low dimensional space…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Farshad Barahimi

t-SNE and hierarchical clustering are popular methods of exploratory data analysis, particularly in biology. Building on recent advances in speeding up t-SNE and obtaining finer-grained structure, we combine the two to create tree-SNE, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Isaac Robinson , Emma Pierce-Hoffman

Nonlinear dimensionality reduction techniques, particularly UMAP, are widely used for visualizing high-dimensional data. However, UMAP's local Euclidean distance assumption often fails to capture intrinsic manifold geometry, leading to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Xiaobin Li , Run Zhang

t-SNE is one of the most commonly used force-based nonlinear dimensionality reduction methods. This paper has two contributions: the first is forceful colorings, an idea that is also applicable to other force-based methods (UMAP,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Yulan Zhang , Stefan Steinerberger

This paper introduces NN-STNE, a neural network using t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) as a hidden layer to reduce input dimensions by mapping long time-series data into shapelet membership probabilities. A Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Zhicong Xian , Tabish Chaudhary , Jürgen Bock

Neighbor Embedding (NE) aims to preserve pairwise similarities between data items and has been shown to yield an effective principle for data visualization. However, even the best existing NE methods such as Stochastic Neighbor Embedding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Zhirong Yang , Yuwei Chen , Denis Sedov , Samuel Kaski , Jukka Corander

Eye image segmentation is a critical step in eye tracking that has great influence over the final gaze estimate. Segmentation models trained using supervised machine learning can excel at this task, their effectiveness is determined by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Viet Dung Nguyen , Reynold Bailey , Gabriel J. Diaz , Chengyi Ma , Alexander Fix , Alexander Ororbia

Semantic 2D maps are commonly used by humans and machines for navigation purposes, whether it's walking or driving. However, these maps have limitations: they lack detail, often contain inaccuracies, and are difficult to create and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Paul-Edouard Sarlin , Eduard Trulls , Marc Pollefeys , Jan Hosang , Simon Lynen