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Making inferences in text comprehension to understand the meaning is essential in language processing. This work studies the entailment verification (EV) problem of multi-sentence premises that requires a system to make multiple inferences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Soumya Sanyal , Tianyi Xiao , Jiacheng Liu , Wenya Wang , Xiang Ren

We present a large-scale collection of diverse natural language inference (NLI) datasets that help provide insight into how well a sentence representation captures distinct types of reasoning. The collection results from recasting 13…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-30 Adam Poliak , Aparajita Haldar , Rachel Rudinger , J. Edward Hu , Ellie Pavlick , Aaron Steven White , Benjamin Van Durme

To build robust question answering systems, we need the ability to verify whether answers to questions are truly correct, not just "good enough" in the context of imperfect QA datasets. We explore the use of natural language inference (NLI)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Jifan Chen , Eunsol Choi , Greg Durrett

Recent work has proposed multi-hop models and datasets for studying complex natural language reasoning. One notable task requiring multi-hop reasoning is fact checking, where a set of connected evidence pieces leads to the final verdict of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Wojciech Ostrowski , Arnav Arora , Pepa Atanasova , Isabelle Augenstein

Explanation constitutes an archetypal feature of human rationality, underpinning learning and generalisation, and representing one of the media supporting scientific discovery and communication. Due to the importance of explanations in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Marco Valentino , André Freitas

TRUST Agents is a collaborative multi-agent framework for explainable fact verification and fake news detection. Rather than treating verification as a simple true-or-false classification task, the system identifies verifiable claims,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Gautama Shastry Bulusu Venkata , Santhosh Kakarla , Maheedhar Omtri Mohan , Aishwarya Gaddam

Natural language interfaces (NLIs) enable users to flexibly specify analytical intentions in data visualization. However, diagnosing the visualization results without understanding the underlying generation process is challenging. Our…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Yingchaojie Feng , Xingbo Wang , Bo Pan , Kam Kwai Wong , Yi Ren , Shi Liu , Zihan Yan , Yuxin Ma , Huamin Qu , Wei Chen

How can we interpret and retrieve medical evidence to support clinical decisions? Clinical trial reports (CTR) amassed over the years contain indispensable information for the development of personalized medicine. However, it is practically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Maël Jullien , Marco Valentino , Hannah Frost , Paul O'Regan , Donal Landers , André Freitas

Natural Language Inference (NLI) is a fundamental task in natural language processing. While NLI has developed many sub-directions such as sentence-level NLI, document-level NLI and cross-lingual NLI, Cross-Document Cross-Lingual NLI…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Mengying Yuan , Wenhao Wang , Zixuan Wang , Yujie Huang , Kangli Wei , Fei Li , Chong Teng , Donghong Ji

A machine learning system can score well on a given test set by relying on heuristics that are effective for frequent example types but break down in more challenging cases. We study this issue within natural language inference (NLI), the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-25 R. Thomas McCoy , Ellie Pavlick , Tal Linzen

This work introduces a natural language inference (NLI) dataset that focuses on the validity of statements in legal wills. This dataset is unique because: (a) each entailment decision requires three inputs: the statement from the will, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Alice Saebom Kwak , Jacob O. Israelsen , Clayton T. Morrison , Derek E. Bambauer , Mihai Surdeanu

Explainable multi-hop question answering (QA) not only predicts answers but also identifies rationales, i. e. subsets of input sentences used to derive the answers. This problem has been extensively studied under the supervised setting,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Wenting Zhao , Justin T. Chiu , Claire Cardie , Alexander M. Rush

Natural Language Inference (NLI) is considered a representative task to test natural language understanding (NLU). In this work, we propose an extensible framework to collectively yet categorically test diverse Logical reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Ishan Tarunesh , Somak Aditya , Monojit Choudhury

We present \textbf{StepGap}, a hybrid NLI-LLM decision tree that detects step-level evidence gaps in multi-hop QA and emits one of three typed labels: \textsc{Contradicted Claim} (CC), \textsc{Irrelevant Evidence} (IE), or \textsc{Missing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yuelyu Ji , Zhuochun Li , Hui Ji , Daqing He

We introduce MorphNLI, a modular step-by-step approach to natural language inference (NLI). When classifying the premise-hypothesis pairs into {entailment, contradiction, neutral}, we use a language model to generate the necessary edits to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Vlad Andrei Negru , Robert Vacareanu , Camelia Lemnaru , Mihai Surdeanu , Rodica Potolea

Joint intent detection and slot filling, which is also termed as joint NLU (Natural Language Understanding) is invaluable for smart voice assistants. Recent advancements in this area have been heavily focusing on improving accuracy using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Kalpa Gunaratna , Vijay Srinivasan , Hongxia Jin

While many natural language inference (NLI) datasets target certain semantic phenomena, e.g., negation, tense & aspect, monotonicity, and presupposition, to the best of our knowledge, there is no NLI dataset that involves diverse types of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Lasha Abzianidze , Joost Zwarts , Yoad Winter

Conditional language models still generate unfaithful output that is not supported by their input. These unfaithful generations jeopardize trust in real-world applications such as summarization or human-machine interaction, motivating a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Julius Steen , Juri Opitz , Anette Frank , Katja Markert

Negation is poorly captured by current language models, although the extent of this problem is not widely understood. We introduce a natural language inference (NLI) test suite to enable probing the capabilities of NLP methods, with the aim…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Thinh Hung Truong , Yulia Otmakhova , Timothy Baldwin , Trevor Cohn , Jey Han Lau , Karin Verspoor

Natural Language Inference (NLI) models have been used in various ways to improve the factuality of LLM outputs. This is typically done by applying an NLI model to judge whether the model output is entailed from the supposed evidence,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Sapir Harary , Eran Hirsch , Aviv Slobodkin , David Wan , Mohit Bansal , Ido Dagan