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Visual reasoning is a core component of human intelligence and a critical capability for advanced multimodal models. Yet current reasoning evaluations of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) often rely on text descriptions and allow…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Weiye Xu , Jiahao Wang , Weiyun Wang , Zhe Chen , Wengang Zhou , Aijun Yang , Lewei Lu , Houqiang Li , Xiaohua Wang , Xizhou Zhu , Wenhai Wang , Jifeng Dai , Jinguo Zhu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on textbook-style physics problems, yet they frequently fail when confronted with dynamic real-world scenarios that require temporal consistency and causal reasoning across…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Sinin Zhang , Yunfei Xie , Yuxuan Cheng , Haoyu Zhang , Tong Zhang

Spatial reasoning is a fundamental aspect of human cognition, enabling intuitive understanding and manipulation of objects in three-dimensional space. While foundation models demonstrate remarkable performance on some benchmarks, they still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Fan-Yun Sun , Weiyu Liu , Siyi Gu , Dylan Lim , Goutam Bhat , Federico Tombari , Manling Li , Nick Haber , Jiajun Wu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have been increasingly applied in real-world scenarios due to their outstanding understanding and reasoning capabilities. Although VLMs have already demonstrated impressive capabilities in common visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yuechen Xie , Xiaoyan Zhang , Yicheng Shan , Hao Zhu , Rui Tang , Rong Wei , Mingli Song , Yuanyu Wan , Jie Song

Are current Vision Language Models (VLMs) ready to comprehend and reason about complex embodied interactions in 3D environments? We introduce Embodied3DBench, a robot-centric benchmark targeting low-level spatial intelligence in embodied 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jiyao Zhang , Mingxu Zhang , Yitong Peng , Haoxuan Liu , Chenshuo Wang , Yuxing Long , Haoyang Huang , Dongjiang Li , Nan Duan , Hui Shen , Hao Dong

Puzzles have long served as compact and revealing probes of human cognition, isolating abstraction, rule discovery, and systematic reasoning with minimal reliance on prior knowledge. Leveraging these properties, visual puzzles have recently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Maria Lymperaiou , Vasileios Karampinis , Giorgos Filandrianos , Angelos Vlachos , Chrysoula Zerva , Athanasios Voulodimos

Generalizable robotic mobile manipulation in open-world environments poses significant challenges due to long horizons, complex goals, and partial observability. A promising approach to address these challenges involves planning with a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Linfeng Zhao , Willie McClinton , Aidan Curtis , Nishanth Kumar , Tom Silver , Leslie Pack Kaelbling , Lawson L. S. Wong

Integrating Large Language Models with symbolic planners is a promising direction for obtaining verifiable and grounded plans, with recent work extending this idea to visual domains using Vision-Language Models (VLMs). However, a rigorous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Matteo Merler , Nicola Dainese , Minttu Alakuijala , Giovanni Bonetta , Pietro Ferrazzi , Yu Tian , Bernardo Magnini , Pekka Marttinen

Three-dimensional geospatial analysis is critical for applications in urban planning, climate adaptation, and environmental assessment. However, current methodologies depend on costly, specialized sensors, such as LiDAR and multispectral…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Mai Tsujimoto , Junjue Wang , Weihao Xuan , Naoto Yokoya

Recent advancements in Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable multimodal perception capabilities, garnering significant attention. While numerous evaluation studies have emerged, assessing LVLMs both holistically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Hong-Tao Yu , Yuxin Peng , Serge Belongie , Xiu-Shen Wei

The emergence of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) has significantly advanced video understanding capabilities. However, existing benchmarks focus predominantly on coarse-grained tasks such as action segmentation, classification,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Aditya Chetan , Eric Cai , Peeyush Kushwaha , Bharath Raj Nagoor Kani , Utkarsh Mall , Qianqian Wang , Noah Snavely , Bharath Hariharan

Spatial reasoning is a core component of human cognition, enabling individuals to perceive, comprehend, and interact with the physical world. It relies on a nuanced understanding of spatial structures and inter-object relationships, serving…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Zesen Lyu , Dandan Zhang , Wei Ye , Fangdi Li , Zhihang Jiang , Yao Yang

Geometric problem solving constitutes a critical branch of mathematical reasoning, requiring precise analysis of shapes and spatial relationships. Current evaluations of geometric reasoning in vision-language models (VLMs) face limitations,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Yuan Feng , Yue Yang , Xiaohan He , Jiatong Zhao , Jianlong Chen , Zijun Chen , Daocheng Fu , Qi Liu , Renqiu Xia , Bo Zhang , Junchi Yan

While multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) demonstrate remarkable reasoning progress, their application in specialized scientific domains like physics reveals significant gaps in current evaluation benchmarks. Specifically, existing benchmarks often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Zhongze Luo , Zhenshuai Yin , Yongxin Guo , Zhichao Wang , Jionghao Zhu , Xiaoying Tang

Vision language models (VLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in integrating linguistic and visual reasoning but remain fundamentally limited in understanding dynamic spatiotemporal interactions. Humans effortlessly track and reason…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Shijie Zhou , Alexander Vilesov , Xuehai He , Ziyu Wan , Shuwang Zhang , Aditya Nagachandra , Di Chang , Dongdong Chen , Xin Eric Wang , Achuta Kadambi

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have achieved notable success but often struggle with limited generalizations. To address this, integrating generalized Vision-Language Models (VLMs) as assistants to VLAs has emerged as a popular…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated powerful capabilities in general spatial understanding and reasoning. However, their fine-grained spatial understanding and reasoning capabilities in complex urban scenarios have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Jun Zhang , Jie Feng , Long Chen , Junhui Wang , Zhicheng Liu , Depeng Jin , Yong Li

Understanding 3D spatial relationships remains a major limitation of current Vision-Language Models (VLMs). Prior work has addressed this issue by creating spatial question-answering (QA) datasets based on single images or indoor videos.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Mohsen Gholami , Ahmad Rezaei , Zhou Weimin , Sitong Mao , Shunbo Zhou , Yong Zhang , Mohammad Akbari

Evaluating vision-language models (VLMs) in scientific domains like mathematics and physics poses unique challenges that go far beyond predicting final answers. These domains demand conceptual understanding, symbolic reasoning, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Shima Imani , Seungwhan Moon , Adel Ahmadyan , Lu Zhang , Kirmani Ahmed , Babak Damavandi

Large language models demonstrate remarkable capabilities across various domains, especially mathematics and logic reasoning. However, current evaluations overlook physics-based reasoning - a complex task requiring physics theorems and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xinyu Zhang , Yuxuan Dong , Yanrui Wu , Jiaxing Huang , Chengyou Jia , Basura Fernando , Mike Zheng Shou , Lingling Zhang , Jun Liu