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Large Language Models (LLMs) handle physical commonsense information inadequately. As a result of being trained in a disembodied setting, LLMs often fail to predict an action's outcome in a given environment. However, predicting the effects…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Gautier Dagan , Frank Keller , Alex Lascarides

As general-purpose tools, Large Language Models (LLMs) must often reason about everyday physical environments. In a question-and-answer capacity, understanding the interactions of physical objects may be necessary to give appropriate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Matteo G. Mecattaf , Ben Slater , Marko Tešić , Jonathan Prunty , Konstantinos Voudouris , Lucy G. Cheke

We have witnessed remarkable advances in LLM reasoning capabilities with the advent of DeepSeek-R1. However, much of this progress has been fueled by the abundance of internet question-answer (QA) pairs, a major bottleneck going forward,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly advancing across diverse domains, yet their application in theoretical physics remains inadequate. While current models show competence in mathematical reasoning and code generation, we identify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Sirui Lu , Zhijing Jin , Terry Jingchen Zhang , Pavel Kos , J. Ignacio Cirac , Bernhard Schölkopf

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) offer unique opportunities for scientific tasks, yet their ability to reason over complex numerical data remains largely unexplored. We propose a simple mechanism to introduce domain-specific…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-11 Ilay Kamai , Marc-Huertas Company , Mike J. Smith , Hagai B. Perets

The ability of artificial intelligence (AI) systems to perceive and comprehend audio signals is crucial for many applications. Although significant progress has been made in this area since the development of AudioSet, most existing models…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-21 Yuan Gong , Hongyin Luo , Alexander H. Liu , Leonid Karlinsky , James Glass

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable reasoning capabilities, notably in connecting ideas and adhering to logical rules to solve problems. These models have evolved to accommodate various data modalities, including sound…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-10 Enis Berk Çoban , Michael I. Mandel , Johanna Devaney

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) demonstrate impressive performance across diverse tasks, ranging from speech recognition to general audio understanding. However, their scalability is limited by the quadratic complexity of attention and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-27 Saurabhchand Bhati , Samuel Thomas , Hilde Kuehne , Rogerio Feris , James Glass

An estimated 253 million people have visual impairments. These visual impairments affect everyday lives, and limit their understanding of the outside world. This can pose a risk to health from falling or collisions. We propose a solution to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Alexander Mehta , Ritik Jalisatgi

Speech Large Language Models (LLMs) that understand and follow instructions in many languages are useful for real-world interaction, but are difficult to train with supervised fine-tuning, requiring large, task-specific speech corpora.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Shreyas Gopal , Donghang Wu , Ashutosh Anshul , Yeo Yue Heng , Yizhou Peng , Haoyang Li , Hexin Liu , Eng Siong Chng

Large Audio Language Models (LALM) combine the audio perception models and the Large Language Models (LLM) and show a remarkable ability to reason about the input audio, infer the meaning, and understand the intent. However, these systems…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-26 Saurabhchand Bhati , Yuan Gong , Leonid Karlinsky , Hilde Kuehne , Rogerio Feris , James Glass

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive in-context learning (ICL) abilities, enabling them to solve wide range of tasks via textual prompts alone. As these capabilities advance, the range of applicable domains continues to expand…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yeongwoo Song , Jaeyong Bae , Dong-Kyum Kim , Hawoong Jeong

In-context learning (ICL) facilitates Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibiting emergent ability on downstream tasks without updating billions of parameters. However, in the area of multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), two problems…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Jun Gao , Qian Qiao , Ziqiang Cao , Zili Wang , Wenjie Li

How does textual representation of audio relate to the Large Language Model's (LLMs) learning about the audio world? This research investigates the extent to which LLMs can be prompted to generate audio, despite their primary training in…

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized various domains, bringing significant progress and new opportunities. Despite progress in speech-related tasks, LLMs have not been sufficiently explored in multi-talker…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Lingwei Meng , Shujie Hu , Jiawen Kang , Zhaoqing Li , Yuejiao Wang , Wenxuan Wu , Xixin Wu , Xunying Liu , Helen Meng

Large language models (LLMs) can capture rich representations of concepts that are useful for real-world tasks. However, language alone is limited. While existing LLMs excel at text-based inferences, health applications require that models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Xin Liu , Daniel McDuff , Geza Kovacs , Isaac Galatzer-Levy , Jacob Sunshine , Jiening Zhan , Ming-Zher Poh , Shun Liao , Paolo Di Achille , Shwetak Patel

In the era of large language models (LLMs) and artificial general intelligence (AGI), computer audition must evolve beyond traditional paradigms to fully leverage the capabilities of foundation models, towards more comprehensive…

We present Spectron, a novel approach to adapting pre-trained large language models (LLMs) to perform spoken question answering (QA) and speech continuation. By endowing the LLM with a pre-trained speech encoder, our model becomes able to…

This paper presents Audio-Visual LLM, a Multimodal Large Language Model that takes both visual and auditory inputs for holistic video understanding. A key design is the modality-augmented training, which involves the integration of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Fangxun Shu , Lei Zhang , Hao Jiang , Cihang Xie

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) excel at semantic and paralinguistic tasks, yet their ability to perceive the fundamental physical attributes of audio such as pitch, loudness, and spatial location remains under-explored. To bridge this…