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Denoising diffusion models, a class of generative models, have garnered immense interest lately in various deep-learning problems. A diffusion probabilistic model defines a forward diffusion stage where the input data is gradually perturbed…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-06 Amirhossein Kazerouni , Ehsan Khodapanah Aghdam , Moein Heidari , Reza Azad , Mohsen Fayyaz , Ilker Hacihaliloglu , Dorit Merhof

Diffusion and flow-based models have enabled significant progress in generation tasks across various modalities and have recently found applications in predictive learning. However, unlike typical generation tasks that encourage sample…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yu Zhang , Xingzhuo Guo , Haoran Xu , Jialong Wu , Mingsheng Long

Masked (or absorbing) diffusion is actively explored as an alternative to autoregressive models for generative modeling of discrete data. However, existing work in this area has been hindered by unnecessarily complex model formulations and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Jiaxin Shi , Kehang Han , Zhe Wang , Arnaud Doucet , Michalis K. Titsias

Diffusion models are generative models that have shown significant advantages compared to other generative models in terms of higher generation quality and more stable training. However, the computational need for training diffusion models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Gulcin Baykal , Halil Faruk Karagoz , Taha Binhuraib , Gozde Unal

Generative diffusion processes are an emerging and effective tool for image and speech generation. In the existing methods, the underlying noise distribution of the diffusion process is Gaussian noise. However, fitting distributions with…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-13 Eliya Nachmani , Robin San Roman , Lior Wolf

Diffusion models, emerging as powerful deep generative tools, excel in various applications. They operate through a two-steps process: introducing noise into training samples and then employing a model to convert random noise into new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Huijie Zhang , Yifu Lu , Ismail Alkhouri , Saiprasad Ravishankar , Dogyoon Song , Qing Qu

Autoregressive (AR) models have long dominated the landscape of large language models, driving progress across a wide range of tasks. Recently, diffusion-based language models have emerged as a promising alternative, though their advantages…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Mihir Prabhudesai , Mengning Wu , Amir Zadeh , Katerina Fragkiadaki , Deepak Pathak

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in image and video generation. In this work, we demonstrate that diffusion models can also \textit{generate high-performing neural network parameters}. Our approach is simple, utilizing an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Kai Wang , Dongwen Tang , Boya Zeng , Yida Yin , Zhaopan Xu , Yukun Zhou , Zelin Zang , Trevor Darrell , Zhuang Liu , Yang You

Diffusion models for image generation function by progressively adding noise to an image set and training a model to separate out the signal from the noise. The noise profile used by these models is white noise -- that is, noise based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Andrew Randono

We present a multiscale approach to model diffusion in a crowded environment and its effect on the reaction rates. Diffusion in biological systems is often modeled by a discrete space jump process in order to capture the inherent noise of…

Subcellular Processes · Quantitative Biology 2016-03-18 Lina Meinecke

Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) are powerful generative models that have achieved unparalleled success in a number of generative tasks. In this work, we aim to build inductive biases into the training and sampling of diffusion models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Thomas Jiralerspong , Berton Earnshaw , Jason Hartford , Yoshua Bengio , Luca Scimeca

Score-based models generate samples by mapping noise to data (and vice versa) via a high-dimensional diffusion process. We question whether it is necessary to run this entire process at high dimensionality and incur all the inconveniences…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Bowen Jing , Gabriele Corso , Renato Berlinghieri , Tommi Jaakkola

Score-based diffusion models generate samples from an unknown target distribution using a time-reversed diffusion process. While such models represent state-of-the-art approaches in industrial applications such as artificial image…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Adrian Baule

We present self-speculative masked diffusions, a new class of masked diffusion generative models for discrete data that require significantly fewer function evaluations to generate samples. Standard masked diffusion models predict…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-09 Andrew Campbell , Valentin De Bortoli , Jiaxin Shi , Arnaud Doucet

Discrete diffusion models have recently emerged as a promising alternative to the autoregressive approach for generating discrete sequences. Sample generation via gradual denoising or demasking processes allows them to capture hierarchical…

Discrete diffusion models are a class of generative models that construct sequences by progressively denoising samples from a categorical noise distribution. Beyond their rapidly growing ability to generate coherent natural language, these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Michael Cardei , Jacob K Christopher , Thomas Hartvigsen , Bhavya Kailkhura , Ferdinando Fioretto

Diffusion-based inpainting is a powerful tool for the reconstruction of images from sparse data. Its quality strongly depends on the choice of known data. Optimising their spatial location -- the inpainting mask -- is challenging. A…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-17 Tobias Alt , Pascal Peter , Joachim Weickert

The iterative and stochastic nature of diffusion models enables test-time scaling, whereby spending additional compute during denoising generates higher-fidelity samples. Increasing the number of denoising steps is the primary scaling axis,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Vignav Ramesh , Morteza Mardani

Semantic segmentation is essential in computer vision for various applications, yet traditional approaches face significant challenges, including the high cost of annotation and extensive training for supervised learning. Additionally, due…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yasufumi Kawano , Yoshimitsu Aoki

Generative diffusion models showed high success in many fields with a powerful theoretical background. They convert the data distribution to noise and remove the noise back to obtain a similar distribution. Many existing reviews focused on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Melike Nur Yeğin , Mehmet Fatih Amasyalı