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With machine learning models being increasingly used to aid decision making even in high-stakes domains, there has been a growing interest in developing interpretable models. Although many supposedly interpretable models have been proposed,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Forough Poursabzi-Sangdeh , Daniel G. Goldstein , Jake M. Hofman , Jennifer Wortman Vaughan , Hanna Wallach

The ability to interpret machine learning models has become increasingly important now that machine learning is used to inform consequential decisions. We propose an approach called model extraction for interpreting complex, blackbox…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Osbert Bastani , Carolyn Kim , Hamsa Bastani

Machine Learning (ML) provides important techniques for classification and predictions. Most of these are black-box models for users and do not provide decision-makers with an explanation. For the sake of transparency or more validity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Léonard Kwuida , Dmitry I. Ignatov

To address the issues of stability and fidelity in interpretable learning, a novel interpretable methodology, ensemble interpretation, is presented in this paper which integrates multi-perspective explanation of various interpretation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Chao Min , Guoyong Liao , Guoquan Wen , Yingjun Li , Xing Guo

Ensemble models (bagging and gradient-boosting) of relational decision trees have proved to be one of the most effective learning methods in the area of probabilistic logic models (PLMs). While effective, they lose one of the most important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Siwen Yan , Sriraam Natarajan , Saket Joshi , Roni Khardon , Prasad Tadepalli

Being able to interpret, or explain, the predictions made by a machine learning model is of fundamental importance. This is especially true when there is interest in deploying data-driven models to make high-stakes decisions, e.g. in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-01 An-phi Nguyen , María Rodríguez Martínez

Tree ensembles are non-parametric methods widely recognized for their accuracy and ability to capture complex interactions. While these models excel at prediction, they are difficult to interpret and may fail to uncover useful relationships…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-01 Brian Liu , Rahul Mazumder , Peter Radchenko

Epistemic uncertainty is crucial for safety-critical applications and data acquisition tasks. Yet, we find an important phenomenon in deep learning models: an epistemic uncertainty collapse as model complexity increases, challenging the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Andreas Kirsch

This paper proposes a new framework for learning a rule ensemble model that is both accurate and interpretable. A rule ensemble is an interpretable model based on the linear combination of weighted rules. In practice, we often face the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Kentaro Kanamori

Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) are commonly considered *interpretable* within the ML community, as their structure makes the relationship between inputs and outputs relatively understandable. Therefore, it may seem natural to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Shahaf Bassan , Michal Moshkovitz , Guy Katz

Application of interpretable machine learning techniques on medical datasets facilitate early and fast diagnoses, along with getting deeper insight into the data. Furthermore, the transparency of these models increase trust among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Sreejita Ghosh , Elizabeth S. Baranowski , Michael Biehl , Wiebke Arlt , Peter Tino , Kerstin Bunte

In machine learning (ML), it is in general challenging to provide a detailed explanation on how a trained model arrives at its prediction. Thus, usually we are left with a black-box, which from a scientific standpoint is not satisfactory.…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-04-22 Luca M. Ghiringhelli

Tree ensembles are very popular machine learning models, known for their effectiveness in supervised classification and regression tasks. Their performance derives from aggregating predictions of multiple decision trees, which are renowned…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-14 Lorenzo Bonasera , Emilio Carrizosa

Through extensive experience developing and explaining machine learning (ML) applications for real-world domains, we have learned that ML models are only as interpretable as their features. Even simple, highly interpretable model types such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Alexandra Zytek , Ignacio Arnaldo , Dongyu Liu , Laure Berti-Equille , Kalyan Veeramachaneni

Understanding why machine learning models behave the way they do empowers both system designers and end-users in many ways: in model selection, feature engineering, in order to trust and act upon the predictions, and in more intuitive user…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-20 Marco Tulio Ribeiro , Sameer Singh , Carlos Guestrin

Interpretability has become incredibly important as machine learning is increasingly used to inform consequential decisions. We propose to construct global explanations of complex, blackbox models in the form of a decision tree…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Osbert Bastani , Carolyn Kim , Hamsa Bastani

The interpretability of random forest (RF) models is a research topic of growing interest in the machine learning (ML) community. In the state of the art, RF is considered a powerful learning ensemble given its predictive performance,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Maissae Haddouchi , Abdelaziz Berrado

Nowadays new technologies, and especially artificial intelligence, are more and more established in our society. Big data analysis and machine learning, two sub-fields of artificial intelligence, are at the core of many recent breakthroughs…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-22 Antonio Sutera

Interpretability and explainability have gained more and more attention in the field of machine learning as they are crucial when it comes to high-stakes decisions and troubleshooting. Since both provide information about predictors and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Benjamin Leblanc , Pascal Germain

Deep neural networks have been well-known for their superb handling of various machine learning and artificial intelligence tasks. However, due to their over-parameterized black-box nature, it is often difficult to understand the prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Xuhong Li , Haoyi Xiong , Xingjian Li , Xuanyu Wu , Xiao Zhang , Ji Liu , Jiang Bian , Dejing Dou