English
Related papers

Related papers: Anomaly, class division, and decoupling in income …

200 papers

Analysis of the urban population fraction data for sixteen populous countries over the last fifty years reveals a universal increase in urbanization, exhibiting four qualitatively distinct temporal patterns: (i) continuously accelerating…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-01-06 Neeraj Pandey , Abhineet Agarwal , Raju Roychowdhury , Karmeshu , Parth Pratim Pandey

This paper investigates the emergence of wealth inequality through a minimalist kinetic exchange model that incorporates two fundamental economic features: fixed-amount transactions and hard budget constraints. In contrast to the maximum…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-11-12 Jihyuan Liuh

One of the most important empirical findings in microeconometrics is the pervasiveness of heterogeneity in economic behaviour (cf. Heckman 2001). This paper shows that cumulative distribution functions and quantiles of the nonparametric…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-05-19 Juan Carlos Escanciano

Extreme economic outcomes are not shaped by tails alone. They are also shaped by unequal access to opportunities. This paper develops a theory of heterogeneous extremes by taking the distribution of opportunity access as the object of…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-03-24 I. Sebastian Buhai

We consider an economic geography model with two inter-regional proximity structures: one governing goods trade and the other governing production externalities across regions. We investigate how the introduction of the latter affects the…

General Economics · Economics 2021-05-11 Minoru Osawa , José M. Gaspar

Economic competition between humans leads to income inequality, but, so far, there has been little understanding of underlying quantitative mechanisms governing such a collective behavior. We analyze datasets of household income from 67…

Economics · Quantitative Finance 2019-05-07 Yong Tao , Xiangjun Wu , Tao Zhou , Weibo Yan , Yanyuxiang Huang , Han Yu , Benedict Mondal , Victor M. Yakovenko

We introduce the logistic model of consumption growth, which captures a negative feedback loop preventing an unlimited growth of consumption due to finite biophysical resources of our planet. This simple dynamic model allows for derivation…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2018-07-05 Victor E. Gluzberg , Yuri A. Katz

Opportunities such as higher education can promote intergenerational mobility, leading individuals to achieve levels of socioeconomic status above that of their parents. We develop a dynamic model for allocating such opportunities in a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Hoda Heidari , Jon Kleinberg

We study partially linear models when the outcome of interest and some of the covariates are observed in two different datasets that cannot be linked. This type of data combination problem arises very frequently in empirical microeconomics.…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-08-23 Xavier D'Haultfœuille , Christophe Gaillac , Arnaud Maurel

We present here a general framework, expressed by a system of nonlinear differential equations, suitable for the modelling of taxation and redistribution in a closed (trading market) society. This framework allows to describe the evolution…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-09-06 Maria Letizia Bertotti , Giovanni Modanese

Stochastic multiplicative dynamics characterize many complex natural phenomena such as selection and mutation in evolving populations, and the generation and distribution of wealth within social systems. Population heterogeneity in…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-09-21 Jordan T. Kemp , Luís M. A. Bettencourt

Understanding the structure and formation of networks is a central topic in complexity science. Economic networks are formed by decisions of individual agents and thus not properly described by established random graph models. In this…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-08-10 Chengyuan Han , Malte Schröder , Dirk Witthaut , Philipp C. Böttcher

Networks in nature are often formed within a spatial domain in a dynamical manner, gaining links and nodes as they develop over time. We propose a class of spatially-based growing network models and investigate the relationship between the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-12-30 Ari Zitin , Alex Gorowora , Shane Squires , Mark Herrera , Thomas M. Antonsen , Michelle Girvan , Edward Ott

Standard macroeconomic models assume that households are rational in the sense that they are perfect utility maximizers, and explain economic dynamics in terms of shocks that drive the economy away from the stead-state. Here we build on a…

General Economics · Economics 2019-07-05 Yuki M. Asano , Jakob J. Kolb , Jobst Heitzig , J. Doyne Farmer

We develop a Bayesian state-space model for analyzing the dynamic evolution of income distributions using grouped income data. The model combines the generalized beta distribution of the second kind (GB2) with latent time-varying parameters…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-05-19 Kazuhiko Kakamu

Urban income segregation is a widespread phenomenon that challenges societies across the globe. Classical studies on segregation have largely focused on the geographic distribution of residential neighborhoods rather than on patterns of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Xiaowen Dong , Alfredo J. Morales , Eaman Jahani , Esteban Moro , Bruno Lepri , Burcin Bozkaya , Carlos Sarraute , Yaneer Bar-Yam , Alex Pentland

This paper is based on the premise that economic growth is driven by an interplay between innovation and imitation in an economy composed of interacting firms operating in a stochastic environment. A novel approach to modeling imitation is…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2019-08-15 Olivier Gallay , Max-Olivier Hongler , Fariba Hashemi

The spatial heterogeneity of cities -- the uneven distribution of population and activities -- is fundamental to urban dynamics and related to critical issues such as infrastructure overload, housing affordability, and social inequality.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-11-14 Hao Huang , Yuming Lin , Jiazhen Liu

The results of R^2 dynamical random surface model (2-dimensional quantum gravity with a $R^2$ term) are applied to explain the personal income distribution. A scale invariance exists if there is not the $R^2$ term in the action. The R^2…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-12-02 Atushi Ishikawa , Tadao Suzuki , Masashi Tomoyose

Spatial distribution of the human population is distinctly heterogeneous, e.g. showing significant difference in the population density between urban and rural areas. In the historical perspective, i.e. on the timescale of centuries, the…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2022-08-30 Anna Zincenko , Sergei Petrovskii , Vitaly Volpert