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Machine unlearning aims to solve the problem of removing the influence of selected training examples from a learned model. Despite the increasing attention to this problem, it remains an open research question how to evaluate unlearning in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Teodora Baluta , Pascal Lamblin , Daniel Tarlow , Fabian Pedregosa , Gintare Karolina Dziugaite

This paper introduces CURLoRA, a novel approach to fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) that leverages CUR matrix decomposition in the context of Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA). Our method addresses two critical challenges in LLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Muhammad Fawi

Machine unlearning is an emerging technique that removes the influence of a subset of training data (forget set) from a model without full retraining, with applications including privacy protection, content moderation, and model correction.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Hong kyu Lee , Ruixuan Liu , Li Xiong

Continual Learning (CL) focuses on learning from dynamic and changing data distributions while retaining previously acquired knowledge. Various methods have been developed to address the challenge of catastrophic forgetting, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Zhenyi Wang , Yan Li , Li Shen , Heng Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced to encompass extensive knowledge across diverse domains. Yet controlling what a LLMs should not know is important for ensuring alignment and thus safe use. However, effective unlearning in LLMs is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xunlei Chen , Jinyu Guo , Yuang Li , Zhaokun Wang , Yi Gong , Jie Zou , Jiwei Wei , Wenhong Tian

Pretrained knowledge memorized in LLMs raises critical concerns over safety and privacy, which has motivated LLM Unlearning as a technique for selectively removing the influences of undesirable knowledge. Existing approaches, rooted in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Zhengbang Yang , Yisheng Zhong , Junyuan Hong , Zhuangdi Zhu

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in natural language processing , complex general-purpose reasoning requiring multi-step logic, planning, and verification remains a critical bottleneck. Although…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Yile Liu , Yixian Liu , Zongwei Li , Yufei Huang , Xinhua Feng , Zhichao Hu , Jinglu Hu , Jianfeng Yan , Fengzong Lian , Yuhong Liu

Meta-learning (a.k.a. learning to learn) has recently emerged as a promising paradigm for a variety of applications. There are now many meta-learning methods, each focusing on different modeling aspects of base and meta learners, but all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Yaohua Liu , Risheng Liu

As a means to balance the growth of the AI industry with the need for privacy protection, machine unlearning plays a crucial role in realizing the ``right to be forgotten'' in artificial intelligence. This technique enables AI systems to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Eun-Ju Park , Youjin Shin , Simon S. Woo

Large language models (LLMs) require iterative updates to address the outdated information problem, where LLM unlearning offers an approach for selective removal. However, mainstream unlearning methods primarily rely on fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Miao Yu , Liang Lin , Guibin Zhang , Xinfeng Li , Junfeng Fang , Xingrui Yu , Ivor Tsang , Ningyu Zhang , Kun Wang , Yang Wang

Machine Unlearning (MU) has recently attracted considerable attention as a solution to privacy and copyright issues in large language models (LLMs). Existing MU methods aim to remove specific target sentences from an LLM while minimizing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Tomoya Yamashita , Yuuki Yamanaka , Masanori Yamada , Takayuki Miura , Toshiki Shibahara , Tomoharu Iwata

With the passage of the Right to Be Forgotten (RTBF) regulations and the scaling up of language model training datasets, research on model unlearning in large language models (LLMs) has become more crucial. Before the era of LLMs, machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Bichen Wang , Yuzhe Zi , Yixin Sun , Yanyan Zhao , Bing Qin

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant challenges in maintaining privacy, ethics, and compliance, when sensitive or obsolete data must be selectively removed. Retraining these models from scratch is computationally infeasible,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Dinesh Srivasthav P , Bala Mallikarjunarao Garlapati

Bilevel optimization (BLO) is a popular approach with many applications including hyperparameter optimization, neural architecture search, adversarial robustness and model-agnostic meta-learning. However, the approach suffers from time and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Valerii Likhosherstov , Xingyou Song , Krzysztof Choromanski , Jared Davis , Adrian Weller

We study how to perform unlearning, i.e. forgetting undesirable misbehaviors, on large language models (LLMs). We show at least three scenarios of aligning LLMs with human preferences can benefit from unlearning: (1) removing harmful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Yuanshun Yao , Xiaojun Xu , Yang Liu

Class-level machine unlearning aims to remove the influence of specified classes while preserving model utility on retained classes. Existing methods are commonly evaluated by retain-set accuracy, forget-set accuracy, and unlearning time,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Weidong Zheng , Kongyang Chen , Yuanwei Guo , Yatie Xiao

Large Language Model (LLM) unlearning has recently gained significant attention, driven by the need to remove unwanted information, such as private, sensitive, or copyrighted content, from LLMs. However, conventional unlearning approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yixin Wan , Anil Ramakrishna , Kai-Wei Chang , Volkan Cevher , Rahul Gupta

Exact unlearning was first introduced as a privacy mechanism that allowed a user to retract their data from machine learning models on request. Shortly after, inexact schemes were proposed to mitigate the impractical costs associated with…

Large language models (LLMs) frequently memorize sensitive information during training, posing risks when deploying publicly accessible models. Current machine unlearning methods struggle to selectively remove specific data associations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Saransh Agrawal , Kuan-Hao Huang

Training machine learning models requires the storage of large datasets, which often contain sensitive or private data. Storing data is associated with a number of potential risks which increase over time, such as database breaches and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Aviraj Newatia , Michael Cooper , Viet Nguyen , Rahul G. Krishnan