English
Related papers

Related papers: Schauder Bases for $C[0, 1]$ Using ReLU, Softplus …

200 papers

While it is well-known that neural networks enjoy excellent approximation capabilities, it remains a big challenge to compute such approximations from point samples. Based on tools from Information-based complexity, recent work by Grohs and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Ahmed Abdeljawad , Philipp Grohs

Meshfree methods based on radial basis function (RBF) approximation are of interest for numerical solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) because they are flexible with respect to the geometry of the computational domain, they can…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-05-17 Ali Safdari-Vaighani , Elisabeth Larsson , Alfa Heryudono

In recent years, functional neural networks have been proposed and studied in order to approximate nonlinear continuous functionals defined on $L^p([-1, 1]^s)$ for integers $s\ge1$ and $1\le p<\infty$. However, their theoretical properties…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-11 Linhao Song , Jun Fan , Di-Rong Chen , Ding-Xuan Zhou

We generalize the famous weight basis constructions of the finite-dimensional irreducible representations of $\mathfrak{sl}(n,\mathbb{C})$ obtained by Gelfand and Tsetlin in 1950. Using combinatorial methods, we construct one such basis for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-29 Robert G. Donnelly , Molly W. Dunkum

Recent findings suggest that consecutive layers of neural networks with the ReLU activation function \emph{fold} the input space during the learning process. While many works hint at this phenomenon, an approach to quantify the folding was…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Michal Lewandowski , Bernhard Heinzl , Raphael Pisoni , Bernhard A. Moser

In this article, we prove that the monomials form a basis for the space of holomorphic functions $(\mathcal{H}(Z), \tau_0)$, where $Z$ denotes either the space $c_0\left(\bigoplus^\infty_{i=1}\ell^i_p \right)$ for some $p\in [1, \infty)$,…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Thiago Grando , Mary Lilian Lourenço

We give the first dimension-efficient algorithms for learning Rectified Linear Units (ReLUs), which are functions of the form $\mathbf{x} \mapsto \max(0, \mathbf{w} \cdot \mathbf{x})$ with $\mathbf{w} \in \mathbb{S}^{n-1}$. Our algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-06 Surbhi Goel , Varun Kanade , Adam Klivans , Justin Thaler

We study the following two related problems. The first is to determine to what error an arbitrary zonoid in $\mathbb{R}^{d+1}$ can be approximated in the Hausdorff distance by a sum of $n$ line segments. The second is to determine optimal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-25 Jonathan W. Siegel

This paper investigates the approximation properties of shallow neural networks with activation functions that are powers of exponential functions. It focuses on the dependence of the approximation rate on the dimension and the smoothness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jian Lu , Xiaohuang Huang

ReLU is widely seen as the default choice for activation functions in neural networks. However, there are cases where more complicated functions are required. In particular, recurrent neural networks (such as LSTMs) make extensive use of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Nicholas Gerard Timmons , Andrew Rice

One means of fitting functions to high-dimensional data is by providing smoothness constraints. Recently, the following smooth function approximation problem was proposed: given a finite set $E \subset \mathbb{R}^d$ and a function $f: E…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-04-02 Adam Gustafson , Matthew Hirn , Kitty Mohammed , Hariharan Narayanan , Jason Xu

A set of $k$ orthonormal bases of $\mathbb C^d$ is called mutually unbiased if $|\langle e,f\rangle |^2 = 1/d$ whenever $e$ and $f$ are basis vectors in distinct bases. A natural question is for which pairs $(d,k)$ there exist~$k$ mutually…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-01 Sander Gribling , Sven Polak

We introduce Lipschitz continuous and $C^{1,1}$ geometric approximation and interpolation methods for sampled bounded uniformly continuous functions over compact sets and over complements of bounded open sets in $\mathbb{R}^n$ by using…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2016-09-29 Kewei Zhang , Elaine Crooks , Antonio Orlando

This paper derives a complete set of quadratic constraints (QCs) for the repeated ReLU. The complete set of QCs is described by a collection of matrix copositivity conditions. We also show that only two functions satisfy all QCs in our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Sahel Vahedi Noori , Bin Hu , Geir Dullerud , Peter Seiler

We show that both $(\mathcal{H}(c_{0}),\tau_{\omega})$ and $(\mathcal{H}_{b}(c_{0}),\tau_{b})$ have a monomial Schauder basis.

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2011-03-07 Seán Dineen , Jorge Mujica

There has been a growing interest in expressivity of deep neural networks. However, most of the existing work about this topic focuses only on the specific activation function such as ReLU or sigmoid. In this paper, we investigate the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-07-24 Ilsang Ohn , Yongdai Kim

In this paper, a notion of Schauder equivalence relation $\mathbb R^\mathbb N/L$ is introduced, where $L$ is a linear subspace of $\mathbb R^\mathbb N$ and the unit vectors form a Schauder basis of $L$. The main theorem is to show that the…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-04-02 Longyun Ding

We provide a systematic recipe for translating ReLU approximation results to softmax attention mechanism. This recipe covers many common approximation targets. Importantly, it yields target-specific, economic resource bounds beyond…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu , Mingcheng Lu , Yi-Chen Lee , Han Liu

It has been shown that deep neural networks of a large enough width are universal approximators but they are not if the width is too small. There were several attempts to characterize the minimum width $w_{\min}$ enabling the universal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Namjun Kim , Chanho Min , Sejun Park

We show that $C^0$-fine approximation of convex functions by smooth (or real analytic) convex functions on $\R^d$ is possible in general if and only if $d=1$. Nevertheless, for $d\geq 2$ we give a characterization of the class of convex…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2012-01-24 Daniel Azagra