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Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms can suffer from poor sample efficiency when rewards are delayed and sparse. We introduce a solution that enables agents to learn temporally extended actions at multiple levels of abstraction in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-11 Andrew Levy , Robert Platt , Kate Saenko

The increasing interest in research and innovation towards the development of autonomous agents presents a number of complex yet important scenarios of multiple AI Agents interacting with each other in an environment. The particular setting…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Kemboi Cheruiyot , Nickson Kiprotich , Vyacheslav Kungurtsev , Kennedy Mugo , Vivian Mwirigi , Marvin Ngesa

Although Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is effective for complex multi-robot tasks, it suffers from low sample efficiency and requires iterative manual reward tuning. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Guobin Zhu , Rui Zhou , Wenkang Ji , Shiyu Zhao

Teaching a deep reinforcement learning (RL) agent to follow instructions in multi-task environments is a challenging problem. We consider that user defines every task by a linear temporal logic (LTL) formula. However, some causal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Duo Xu , Faramarz Fekri

We present a decentralized reinforcement learning (RL) approach to address the multi-agent shepherding control problem, departing from the conventional assumption of cohesive target groups. Our two-layer control architecture consists of a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-29 Italo Napolitano , Andrea Lama , Francesco De Lellis , Mario di Bernardo

Achieving distributed reinforcement learning (RL) for large-scale cooperative multi-agent systems (MASs) is challenging because: (i) each agent has access to only limited information; (ii) issues on convergence or computational complexity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Gangshan Jing , He Bai , Jemin George , Aranya Chakrabortty , Piyush K. Sharma

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is an area of growing interest in the field of artificial intelligence due to its many notable applications in diverse fields. Particularly within the context of intelligent vehicle control, RL has made…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Rafael Pina , Corentin Artaud , Xiaolan Liu , Varuna De Silva

Recently, deep multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has shown the promise to solve complex cooperative tasks. Its success is partly because of parameter sharing among agents. However, such sharing may lead agents to behave similarly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Chenghao Li , Tonghan Wang , Chengjie Wu , Qianchuan Zhao , Jun Yang , Chongjie Zhang

Many potential applications of reinforcement learning in the real world involve interacting with other agents whose numbers vary over time. We propose new neural policy architectures for these multi-agent problems. In contrast to other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Matthew A. Wright , Roberto Horowitz

Multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MARL) suffers from a lack of commonly-used evaluation tasks and criteria, making comparisons between approaches difficult. In this work, we provide a systematic evaluation and comparison of three…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Georgios Papoudakis , Filippos Christianos , Lukas Schäfer , Stefano V. Albrecht

This paper presents a hierarchical reinforcement learning (RL) approach to address the agent grouping or pairing problem in cooperative multi-agent systems. The goal is to simultaneously learn the optimal grouping and agent policy. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Liyuan Hu

Designing efficient algorithms for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is fundamentally challenging because the size of the joint state and action spaces grows exponentially in the number of agents. These difficulties are exacerbated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Emile Anand , Ishani Karmarkar , Guannan Qu

Real-world reinforcement learning (RL) environments, whether in robotics or industrial settings, often involve non-visual observations and require not only efficient but also reliable and thus interpretable and flexible RL approaches. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Moritz Lange , Noah Krystiniak , Raphael C. Engelhardt , Wolfgang Konen , Laurenz Wiskott

Teams of people coordinate to perform complex tasks by forming abstract mental models of world and agent dynamics. The use of abstract models contrasts with much recent work in robot learning that uses a high-fidelity simulator and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Adam Labiosa , Josiah P. Hanna

Reinforcement learning (RL) emerges as a promising data-driven approach for adaptive traffic signal control (ATSC) in complex urban traffic networks, with deep neural networks substantially augmenting its learning capabilities. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Yuli Zhang , Shangbo Wang , Dongyao Jia , Pengfei Fan , Ruiyuan Jiang , Hankang Gu , Andy H. F. Chow

In this paper, we propose a novel model-free reinforcement learning algorithm to compute the optimal policies for a multi-agent system with $N$ cooperative agents where each agent privately observes it's own private type and publicly…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-24 Rajesh K Mishra , Deepanshu Vasal , Sriram Vishwanath

Monitoring human activity in indoor environments is important for applications such as facility management, safety assessment, and space utilization analysis. While mobile robot teams offer the potential to actively improve observation…

We develop a mathematical framework for solving multi-task reinforcement learning (MTRL) problems based on a type of policy gradient method. The goal in MTRL is to learn a common policy that operates effectively in different environments;…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Sihan Zeng , Aqeel Anwar , Thinh Doan , Arijit Raychowdhury , Justin Romberg

The deployment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) swarms as dynamic communication relays is critical for next-generation tactical networks. However, operating in contested environments requires solving a complex trade-off, including…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Thai Duong Nguyen , Ngoc-Tan Nguyen , Thanh-Dao Nguyen , Nguyen Van Huynh , Dinh-Hieu Tran , Symeon Chatzinotas

Decentralized multi-agent control has broad applications, ranging from multi-robot cooperation to distributed sensor networks. In decentralized multi-agent control, systems are complex with unknown or highly uncertain dynamics, where…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-22 Qingrui Zhang , Hao Dong , Wei Pan