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Classification is a core NLP task architecture with many potential applications. While large language models (LLMs) have brought substantial advancements in text generation, their potential for enhancing classification tasks remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Qian Ruan , Ilia Kuznetsov , Iryna Gurevych

Advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have increased the performance of different natural language understanding as well as generation tasks. Although LLMs have breached the state-of-the-art performance in various tasks, they often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Charaka Vinayak Kumar , Ashok Urlana , Gopichand Kanumolu , Bala Mallikarjunarao Garlapati , Pruthwik Mishra

While large language models (LLMs) dominate the AI landscape, Small-scale large Language Models (SLMs) are gaining attention due to cost and efficiency demands from consumers. However, there is limited research on the training behavior and…

Competitive programming has emerged as a critical benchmark for evaluating the reasoning and coding capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). Despite impressive progress on existing benchmarks, we argue that current evaluations…

With reasoning language models such as OpenAI-o3 and DeepSeek-R1 emerging, large language models (LLMs) have entered a new phase of development. However, existing benchmarks for coding evaluation are gradually inadequate to assess the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Lei Yang , Renren Jin , Ling Shi , Jianxiang Peng , Yue Chen , Deyi Xiong

Benchmarks establish a standardized evaluation framework to systematically assess the performance of large language models (LLMs), facilitating objective comparisons and driving advancements in the field. However, existing benchmarks fail…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Ziqian Zhang , Xingjian Hu , Yue Huang , Kai Zhang , Ruoxi Chen , Yixin Liu , Qingsong Wen , Kaidi Xu , Xiangliang Zhang , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Lichao Sun

The ongoing evolution of language models has led to the development of large-scale architectures that demonstrate exceptional performance across a wide range of tasks. However, these models come with significant computational and energy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Xialie Zhuang , Peixian Ma , Zhikai Jia , Zane Cao , Shiwei Liu

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly powerful and accessible to human users, ensuring fairness across diverse demographic groups, i.e., group fairness, is a critical ethical concern. However, current fairness and bias…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Kefan Song , Jin Yao , Runnan Jiang , Rohan Chandra , Shangtong Zhang

Aligning future system design with the ever-increasing compute needs of large language models (LLMs) is undoubtedly an important problem in today's world. Here, we propose a general performance modeling methodology and workload analysis of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Joyjit Kundu , Wenzhe Guo , Ali BanaGozar , Udari De Alwis , Sourav Sengupta , Puneet Gupta , Arindam Mallik

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have made remarkable progress, with model optimization primarily relying on gradient-based optimizers such as Adam. However, these gradient-based methods impose stringent hardware requirements,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-24 WenTao Liu , Siyu Song , Hao Hao , Aimin Zhou

Large Language Models (LLM) are increasingly used for software development, yet existing benchmarks for LLM-based coding assistance do not reflect the constraints of High Energy Physics (HEP) and High Performance Computing (HPC) software.…

Small language models (SLMs), despite their widespread adoption in modern smart devices, have received significantly less academic attention compared to their large language model (LLM) counterparts, which are predominantly deployed in data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Zhenyan Lu , Xiang Li , Dongqi Cai , Rongjie Yi , Fangming Liu , Xiwen Zhang , Nicholas D. Lane , Mengwei Xu

The rapid rise in popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs) with emerging capabilities has spurred public curiosity to evaluate and compare different LLMs, leading many researchers to propose their own LLM benchmarks. Noticing preliminary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Timothy R. McIntosh , Teo Susnjak , Nalin Arachchilage , Tong Liu , Paul Watters , Malka N. Halgamuge

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various natural language tasks, marking significant strides towards general artificial intelligence. While general artificial intelligence is leveraged by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Yizhe Yang , Huashan Sun , Jiawei Li , Runheng Liu , Yinghao Li , Yuhang Liu , Heyan Huang , Yang Gao

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly better at a wide range of Natural Language Processing tasks (NLP), such as text generation and understanding. Recently, these models have extended their capabilities to coding tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Nishat Raihan , Mohammed Latif Siddiq , Joanna C. S. Santos , Marcos Zampieri

Large language models (LLMs) regularly demonstrate new and impressive performance on a wide range of language, knowledge, and reasoning benchmarks. Such rapid progress has led many commentators to argue that LLM general cognitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 James Fodor

A primary challenge in large language model (LLM) development is their onerous pre-training cost. Typically, such pre-training involves optimizing a self-supervised objective (such as next-token prediction) over a large corpus. This paper…

Recent progress in the Natural Language Processing domain has given us several State-of-the-Art (SOTA) pretrained models which can be finetuned for specific tasks. These large models with billions of parameters trained on numerous GPUs/TPUs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Kamal Raj Kanakarajan , Bhuvana Kundumani , Malaikannan Sankarasubbu

The rapid advancement of large language models has opened new avenues for automating complex problem-solving tasks such as algorithmic coding and competitive programming. This paper introduces a novel evaluation technique, LLM-ProS, to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Md Sifat Hossain , Anika Tabassum , Md. Fahim Arefin , Tarannum Shaila Zaman

Large language models (LLMs) have shown potential in assisting scientific research, yet their ability to discover high-quality research hypotheses remains unexamined due to the lack of a dedicated benchmark. To address this gap, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yujie Liu , Zonglin Yang , Tong Xie , Jinjie Ni , Ben Gao , Yuqiang Li , Shixiang Tang , Wanli Ouyang , Erik Cambria , Dongzhan Zhou