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Multiple access technology played an important role in wireless communication in the last decades: it increases the capacity of the channel and allows different users to access the system simultaneously. However, the conventional multiple…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Yongpeng Wu , Xiqi Gao , Shidong Zhou , Wei Yang , Yury Polyanskiy , Giuseppe Caire

Massive MIMO is considered to be one of the key technologies in the emerging 5G systems, but also a concept applicable to other wireless systems. Exploiting the large number of degrees of freedom (DoFs) of massive MIMO essential for…

This article presents a tutorial on multiuser multiple-antenna wireless systems with a very large number of antennas, known as massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. Signal processing challenges and future trends in the area of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-10-29 R. C. de Lamare

Large antenna arrays and high-frequency bands are two key features of future wireless communication systems. The combination of large-scale antennas with high transmission frequencies often results in the communicating devices operating in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-28 Haiyang Zhang , Nir Shlezinger , Francesco Guidi , Davide Dardari , Mohammadreza F. Imani , Yonina C. Eldar

We present a unified model for connected antenna arrays with a large number of tightly integrated (i.e., coupled) antennas in a compact space within the context of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication. We refer to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Mohamed Akrout , Volodymyr Shyianov , Faouzi Bellili , Amine Mezghani , Robert W. Heath

Imagine a coverage area with many wireless access points that cooperate to jointly serve the users, instead of creating autonomous cells. Such a cell-free network operation can potentially resolve many of the interference issues that appear…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-11 Emil Björnson , Luca Sanguinetti

Current cellular systems achieve high spectral efficiency through Massive MIMO, which leverages an abundance of antennas to create favorable propagation conditions for multiuser spatial multiplexing. Looking towards future networks, the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Emil Björnson , Amna Irshad , Özlem Tugfe Demir , Giuseppe Thadeu Freitas de Abreu , Alva Kosasih , Vitaly Petrov

The capacity of commercial massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) systems is constrained by the limited array aperture at the base station, and cannot meet the ever-increasing traffic demands of wireless networks. Given the array…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Keke Ying , Zhen Gao , Sheng Chen , Xinyu Gao , Michail Matthaiou , Rui Zhang , Robert Schober

This paper presents the current state-of-the-art of massive antenna array architectures with significant front-end hardware savings, as an enabler for future small and powerful cell nodes that will be able to carry massive MIMO technology.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-07-30 Vlasis I. Barousis , Mohammad A. Sedaghat , Ralf R. Müller , Constantinos B. Papadias

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems are cellular networks where the base stations (BSs) are equipped with unconventionally many antennas. Such large antenna arrays offer huge spatial degrees-of-freedom for transmission…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-03-20 Emil Björnson , Michail Matthaiou , Mérouane Debbah

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) MIMO with large antenna array has attracted considerable interests from academic and industry communities, as it can provide larger bandwidth and higher spectrum efficiency. However, with hundreds of antennas, the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Xinyu Gao , Linglong Dai , Akbar M. Sayeed

Since the first cellular networks were trialled in the 1970s, we have witnessed an incredible wireless revolution. From 1G to 4G, the massive traffic growth has been managed by a combination of wider bandwidths, refined radio interfaces,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Giovanni Interdonato , Emil Björnson , Hien Quoc Ngo , Pål Frenger , Erik G. Larsson

Wireless technologies can support a broad range of smart grid applications including advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) and demand response (DR). However, there are many formidable challenges when wireless technologies are applied to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-03-11 Hongjian Sun , Bo Tan , Jing Jiang , John S. Thompson , Arumugam Nallanathan , H. Vincent Poor

Extremely large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (XL-MIMO), which offers vast spatial degrees of freedom, has emerged as a potentially pivotal enabling technology for the sixth generation (6G) of wireless mobile networks. With its…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Zhe Wang , Jiayi Zhang , Hongyang Du , Dusit Niyato , Shuguang Cui , Bo Ai , Mérouane Debbah , Khaled B. Letaief , H. Vincent Poor

The characteristics of a space-to-space multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) communication channel that distinguish it from terrestrial MIMO communication channels are summarized and discussed primarily from an information-theoretic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-01-21 Richard J. Barton

Stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) have recently emerged as an effective solution for next-generation wireless networks. A SIM comprises multiple metasurface layers that enable signal processing directly in the wave domain. Moreover,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Ahmed Magbool , Vaibhav Kumar , Marco Di Renzo , Mark F. Flanagan

Multiple-input multiple-output has been a key technology for wireless systems for decades. For typical MIMO communication systems, antenna array elements are usually separated by half of the carrier wavelength, thus termed as conventional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-06 Huizhi Wang , Chao Feng , Yong Zeng , Shi Jin , Chau Yuen , Bruno Clerckx , Rui Zhang

The wireless communication systems has gone from different generations from SISO systems to MIMO systems. Bandwidth is one important constraint in wireless communication. In wireless communication, high data transmission rates are essential…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-04-01 Kritika Sengar , Nishu Rani , Ankita Singhal , Dolly Sharma , Seema Verma , Tanya Singh

Recently, a technique called beam-space MIMO has been demonstrated as an effective approach for transmitting multiple signals while using a single RF-chain. In this work, we present novel design considerations and a compact antenna solution…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-06-20 Mohsen Yousefbeiki , Julien Perruisseau-Carrier

In past 802.11 systems there is a single Radio Frequency (RF) chain on the Wi-Fi device. Multiple antennas use the same hardware to process the radio signal. So only one antenna can transmit or receive at a time as all radio signals need to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2012-08-21 M. D. Sirajul Huque , C. Surekha , S. Pavan Kumar Reddy , Vidhisha Yadav