Related papers: Generalized measurements for Bell tests in differe…
The Bell inequality is derived under the assumption of three physical data sets, random or deterministic. The data sets represent a laboratory realization of the three probability based variables used by Bell. For physical data as can be…
Statistically equivalent blocks are not frequently considered in the context of nonparametric two-sample hypothesis testing. Despite the limited exposure, this paper shows that a number of classical nonparametric hypothesis tests can be…
We propose a scheme for testing high-dimensional Bell inequalities in phase space. High-dimensional Bell inequalities can be recast into the forms of a phase-space version using quasiprobability functions with the complex-valued order…
Bell conditions for local realism are critically revisited. In particular for optical experiments I criticize Bell's proposed response of detectors to signals as extremely idealized. More physical conditions are proposed, whence a realistic…
In this paper we introduce a simple and natural bipartite Bell scenario, by considering the correlations between two parties defined by general measurements in one party and dichotomic ones in the other. We show that unbounded Bell…
According to recent reports, the last loopholes in testing Bell's inequality are closed. It is argued that the really important task in this field has not been tackled yet and that the leading experiments claiming to close locality and…
Over the past few decades, experimental tests of Bell-type inequalities have been at the forefront of understanding quantum mechanics and its implications. These strong bounds on specific measurements on a physical system originate from…
Hypothesis testing in high dimensional data is a notoriously difficult problem without direct access to competing models' likelihood functions. This paper argues that statistical divergences can be used to quantify the difference between…
The established language for statistical testing --- significance levels, power, and p-values --- is overly complicated and deceptively conclusive. Even teachers of statistics and scientists who use statistics misinterpret the results of…
Statistical tests are needed to determine experimentally whether a hypothetical theory based on local realism can be an acceptable alternative to quantum mechanics. It is impossible to rule out local realism by a single test, as often…
Sample weighting is widely used in deep learning. A large number of weighting methods essentially utilize the learning difficulty of training samples to calculate their weights. In this study, this scheme is called difficulty-based…
When conducting a Bell test, it is normal to assume that the preparation of the quantum state is independent of the measurements performed on it. Remarkably, the violation of local realism by entangled quantum systems can be certified even…
We emphasize the difficulties of an experiment that can definitely discriminate between local realistic hidden variables theories and quantum mechanics using the Bell CHSH inequalities and a real measurement apparatus. In particular we…
Correlations for the Bell gedankenexperiment are constructed using probabilities given by quantum mechanics, and nonlocal information. They satisfy Bell's inequality and exhibit spatial non stationarity in angle. Correlations for three…
Despite their importance in supporting experimental conclusions, standard statistical tests are often inadequate for research areas, like the life sciences, where the typical sample size is small and the test assumptions difficult to…
Mainstream interpretations of quantum theory maintain that violations of the Bell inequalities deny at least either realism or Einstein locality. Here we investigate the premises of the Bell-type inequalities by returning to earlier…
A definition for the statistical significance of a signal in an experiment is proposed by establishing a correlation between the observed p-value and the normal distribution integral probability, which is suitable for both counting…
This paper formulates a penalized empirical likelihood (PEL) method for inference on the population mean when the dimension of the observations may grow faster than the sample size. Asymptotic distributions of the PEL ratio statistic is…
A certain class of parametric down-conversion Bell type experiments has the following features. In the idealized perfect situation it is in only 50% of cases that each observer receives a photon; in the other 50% of cases one observer…
Bell inequalities are derived for any number of observers, any number of alternative setups for each one of them, and any number of distinct outcomes for each experiment. It is shown that if a physical system consists of several distant…