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Weighting estimators based on propensity scores are widely used for causal estimation in a variety of contexts, such as observational studies, marginal structural models and interference. They enjoy appealing theoretical properties such as…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-06 Linbo Wang , Yuexia Zhang , Thomas S. Richardson , Xiao-Hua Zhou

Positivity, the assumption that every unique combination of confounding variables that occurs in a population has a non-zero probability of an action, can be further delineated as deterministic positivity and stochastic positivity. Here, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-12 Paul N Zivich , Stephen R Cole , Daniel Westreich

A framework for quantifying dependence between random vectors is introduced. With the notion of a collapsing function, random vectors are summarized by single random variables, called collapsed random variables in the framework. Using this…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-01-12 Marius Hofert , Wayne Oldford , Avinash Prasad , Mu Zhu

The Contextuality-by-Default approach to determining and measuring the (non)contextuality of a system of random variables requires that every random variable in the system be represented by an equivalent set of dichotomous random variables.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-05 Janne V. Kujala , Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov

The probabilistic characterization of the relationship between two or more random variables calls for a notion of dependence. Dependence modeling leads to mathematical and statistical challenges, and recent developments in extremal…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-11 Giovanni Puccetti , Ruodu Wang

So far, one-factor copulas induce conditional independence with respect to a latent factor. In this paper, we extend one-factor copulas to conditionally dependent models. This is achieved through new representations which allow to build new…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-12-12 Nathan Uyttendaele , Gildas Mazo

Classically, risk is characterized by a point value probability indicating the likelihood of occurrence of an adverse effect. However, there are domains where the attainability of objective numerical risk characterizations is increasingly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-21 Paul J. Krause , John Fox , Philip Judson

The problem of measuring conditional dependence between two random phenomena arises when a third one (a confounder) has a potential influence on the amount of information between them. A typical issue in this challenging problem is the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-12 Ferran de Cabrera , Marc Vilà-Insa , Jaume Riba

This paper introduces and studies factor risk measures. While risk measures only rely on the distribution of a loss random variable, in many cases risk needs to be measured relative to some major factors. In this paper, we introduce a…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-04-15 Hirbod Assa , Peng Liu

We provide conditions for the stochastic dominance comparisons of a risk $X$ and an associated risk $X+Z$, where $Z$ represents the uncertainty due to the environment and where $X$ and $Z$ can be dependent. The comparisons depend on both…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-10 Jorge Navarro , José M. Zapata

We propose and axiomatize preferences on a product state space in light of uncertainty regarding the dependency of different payoff-relevant factors. Dependence structures allow to decompose probabilities and allow to pin down behavior…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-05-28 Gerrit Bauch , Lorenz Hartmann

Concentration inequalities, a major tool in probability theory, quantify how much a random variable deviates from a certain quantity. This paper proposes a systematic convex optimization approach to studying and generating concentration…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-08-30 Celine Moucer , Adrien Taylor , Francis Bach

Measuring conditional dependence is an important topic in statistics with broad applications including graphical models. Under a factor model setting, a new conditional dependence measure based on projection is proposed. The corresponding…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-01-14 Jianqing Fan , Yang Feng , Lucy Xia

We give a complete characterization of both comonotone and not comonotone coherent risk measures in the discrete finite probability space, where each outcome is equally likely. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2014-12-25 Kerem Ugurlu

This paper introduces an econometric framework for analyzing cross-sectional dependence in the idiosyncratic volatilities of assets using high frequency data. We first consider the estimation of standard measures of dependence in the…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-05-08 Ilze Kalnina , Kokouvi Tewou

We present a novel approach for extrapolating causal effects away from the margin between treatment and non-treatment in sharp regression discontinuity designs with multiple covariates. Our methods apply both to settings in which treatment…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-07-02 Ben Deaner , Soonwoo Kwon

A classical problem of statistical inference is the valid specification of a model that can account for the statistical dependencies between observations when the true structure is dense, intractable, or unknown. To address this problem, a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-19 Shane Sparkes , Lu Zhang

The minimization of some multivariate risk indicators may be used as an allocation method, as proposed in C\'enac et al. [6]. The aim of capital allocation is to choose a point in a simplex, according to a given criterion. In a previous…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-07-07 Véronique Maume-Deschamps , Didier Rullière , Khalil Said

In this work, we propose an approach for assessing sensitivity to unobserved confounding in studies with multiple outcomes. We demonstrate how prior knowledge unique to the multi-outcome setting can be leveraged to strengthen causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-26 Jiajing Zheng , Jiaxi Wu , Alexander D'Amour , Alexander Franks

In this paper we introduce several natural definitions of asymptotic independence of two sequences of random elements. We discuss their basic properties, some simple connections between them and connections with properties of weak…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-08-25 Youri Davydov , Svyatoslav Novikov