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We propose and study a new privacy definition, termed Probably Approximately Correct (PAC) Privacy. PAC Privacy characterizes the information-theoretic hardness to recover sensitive data given arbitrary information disclosure/leakage…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Hanshen Xiao , Srinivas Devadas

Report Noisy Max and Above Threshold are two classical differentially private (DP) selection mechanisms. Their output is obtained by adding noise to a sequence of low-sensitivity queries and reporting the identity of the query whose (noisy)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Jonathan Lebensold , Doina Precup , Borja Balle

Differential privacy mechanisms such as the Gaussian or Laplace mechanism have been widely used in data analytics for preserving individual privacy. However, they are mostly designed for continuous outputs and are unsuitable for scenarios…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Zhongteng Cai , Xueru Zhang , Mohammad Mahdi Khalili

Differential privacy via output perturbation has been a de facto standard for releasing query or computation results on sensitive data. However, we identify that all existing Gaussian mechanisms suffer from the curse of full-rank covariance…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Tianxi Ji , Pan Li

Privacy-preserving average consensus aims to guarantee the privacy of initial states and asymptotic consensus on the exact average of the initial value. In existing work, it is achieved by adding and subtracting variance decaying and…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-02-10 Jianping He , Lin Cai , Chengcheng Zhao , Peng Cheng , Xinping Guan

Differential privacy provides a rigorous framework to quantify data privacy, and has received considerable interest recently. A randomized mechanism satisfying $(\epsilon, \delta)$-differential privacy (DP) roughly means that, except with a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Jun Zhao , Teng Wang , Tao Bai , Kwok-Yan Lam , Zhiying Xu , Shuyu Shi , Xuebin Ren , Xinyu Yang , Yang Liu , Han Yu

Modern machine learning models are increasingly deployed behind APIs. This renders standard weight-privatization methods (e.g. DP-SGD) unnecessarily noisy at the cost of utility. While model weights may vary significantly across training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Xiaochen Zhu , Mayuri Sridhar , Srinivas Devadas

With the rapid growth of digital platforms, there is increasing apprehension about how personal data is collected, stored, and used by various entities. These concerns arise from the increasing frequency of data breaches, cyber-attacks, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Christopher C. Zawacki , Eyad H. Abed

R\'{e}nyi Pufferfish Privacy (RPP) provides a R\'{e}nyi divergence-based privacy framework for correlated data, but existing $\infty$-Wasserstein mechanisms are often conservative and sacrifice data utility. We study Gaussian mechanisms for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Wenjin Yang , Ni Ding , Zijian Zhang , Zhen Li , Jing Sun , Jincheng An , Yong Liu , Liehuang Zhu

The Probably Approximately Correct (PAC) Bayes framework (McAllester, 1999) can incorporate knowledge about the learning algorithm and (data) distribution through the use of distribution-dependent priors, yielding tighter generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-22 Gintare Karolina Dziugaite , Daniel M. Roy

The Gaussian Mechanism (GM), which consists in adding Gaussian noise to a vector-valued query before releasing it, is a standard privacy protection mechanism. In particular, given that the query respects some L2 sensitivity property (the L2…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Hadrien Hendrikx , Paul Mangold , Aurélien Bellet

The Gaussian mechanism is an essential building block used in multitude of differentially private data analysis algorithms. In this paper we revisit the Gaussian mechanism and show that the original analysis has several important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-08 Borja Balle , Yu-Xiang Wang

We study Gaussian mechanism in the shuffle model of differential privacy (DP). Particularly, we characterize the mechanism's R\'enyi differential privacy (RDP), showing that it is of the form: $$ \epsilon(\lambda) \leq…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-05 Seng Pei Liew , Tsubasa Takahashi

Differential privacy (DP) is the state-of-the-art framework for guaranteeing privacy for individuals when releasing aggregated statistics or building statistical/machine learning models from data. We develop the open-source R package DPpack…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-09-21 Spencer Giddens , Fang Liu

We present a framework for designing distorting mechanisms that allow remotely operating anomaly detectors while preserving privacy. We consider the problem setting in which a remote station seeks to identify anomalies using system…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-08 Haleh Hayati , Carlos Murguia , Nathan van de Wouw

The Gaussian mechanism is one differential privacy mechanism commonly used to protect numerical data. However, it may be ill-suited to some applications because it has unbounded support and thus can produce invalid numerical answers to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Bo Chen , Matthew Hale

We propose a novel theoretical and methodological framework for Gaussian process regression subject to privacy constraints. The proposed method can be used when a data owner is unwilling to share a high-fidelity supervised learning model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Rui Tuo , Haoyuan Chen , Raktim Bhattacharya

Most differential privacy mechanisms are applied (i.e., composed) numerous times on sensitive data. We study the design of optimal differential privacy mechanisms in the limit of a large number of compositions. As a consequence of the law…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Wael Alghamdi , Shahab Asoodeh , Flavio P. Calmon , Oliver Kosut , Lalitha Sankar , Fei Wei

Gaussian processes (GPs) are non-parametric Bayesian models that are widely used for diverse prediction tasks. Previous work in adding strong privacy protection to GPs via differential privacy (DP) has been limited to protecting only the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Antti Honkela , Laila Melkas

With the rapid growth of digital platforms, there is increasing apprehension about how personal data is being collected, stored, and used by various entities. These concerns range from data breaches and cyber-attacks to potential misuse of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Christopher Zawacki , Eyad Abed
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