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Enhancing the mathematical reasoning of large language models (LLMs) demands high-quality training data, yet conventional methods face critical challenges in scalability, cost, and data reliability. To address these limitations, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Sirui Chen , Changxin Tian , Binbin Hu , Kunlong Chen , Ziqi Liu , Zhiqiang Zhang , Jun Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive promise in code generation, yet their progress remains limited by the shortage of large-scale datasets that are both diverse and well-aligned with human reasoning. Most existing resources…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Amal Abed , Ivan Lukic , Jörg K. H. Franke , Frank Hutter

Large Language Models (LLMs) have democratized synthetic data generation, which in turn has the potential to simplify and broaden a wide gamut of NLP tasks. Here, we tackle a pervasive problem in synthetic data generation: its generative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Veniamin Veselovsky , Manoel Horta Ribeiro , Akhil Arora , Martin Josifoski , Ashton Anderson , Robert West

Mathematical reasoning remains challenging for LLMs due to complex logic and the need for precise computation. Existing methods enhance LLM reasoning by synthesizing datasets through problem rephrasing, but face issues with generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Lei Xu , Sirui Chen , Yuxuan Huang , Chaochao Lu

Training models on synthetic data has emerged as an increasingly important strategy for improving the performance of generative AI. This approach is particularly helpful for large multimodal models (LMMs) due to the relative scarcity of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Gabriela Ben Melech Stan , Estelle Aflalo , Avinash Madasu , Vasudev Lal , Phillip Howard

Improving the mathematical reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) is critical for advancing artificial intelligence. However, access to extensive, diverse, and high-quality reasoning datasets remains a significant challenge,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yuyang Ding , Xinyu Shi , Xiaobo Liang , Juntao Li , Zhaopeng Tu , Qiaoming Zhu , Min Zhang

Within the evolving landscape of deep learning, the dilemma of data quantity and quality has been a long-standing problem. The recent advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) offers a data-centric solution to alleviate the limitations of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Lin Long , Rui Wang , Ruixuan Xiao , Junbo Zhao , Xiao Ding , Gang Chen , Haobo Wang

Synthetic data generation has recently emerged as a promising approach for enhancing the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) without the need for expensive human annotations. However, existing methods often generate data that can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Alisia Lupidi , Carlos Gemmell , Nicola Cancedda , Jane Dwivedi-Yu , Jason Weston , Jakob Foerster , Roberta Raileanu , Maria Lomeli

Data synthesis for training large reasoning models offers a scalable alternative to limited, human-curated datasets, enabling the creation of high-quality data. However, existing approaches face several challenges: (i) indiscriminate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yongxian Wei , Yilin Zhao , Zixuan Hu , Li Shen , Xinrui Chen , Runxi Cheng , Sinan Du , Hao Yu , Chun Yuan , Dian Li

Training large language models (LLMs) with synthetic reasoning data has become a popular approach to enhancing their reasoning capabilities, while a key factor influencing the effectiveness of this paradigm is the quality of the generated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zhuojie Yang , Wentao Wan , Keze Wang

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have become increasingly prevalent, offering remarkable text generation capabilities. However, a pressing challenge is their tendency to make confidently wrong predictions, highlighting the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Xiang Gao , Jiaxin Zhang , Lalla Mouatadid , Kamalika Das

Large Language Models (LLMs) can achieve strong performance on everyday coding tasks, but they can fail on complex tasks that require non-trivial reasoning about program semantics. Finding training examples to teach LLMs to solve these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Antonio Valerio Miceli-Barone , Vaishak Belle , Ali Payani

Synthetic Data Generation (SDG), leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs), has recently been recognized and broadly adopted as an effective approach to improve the performance of smaller but more resource and compute efficient LLMs through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Srideepika Jayaraman , Achille Fokoue , Dhaval Patel , Jayant Kalagnanam

Personalization in Information Retrieval (IR) is a topic studied by the research community since a long time. However, there is still a lack of datasets to conduct large-scale evaluations of personalized IR; this is mainly due to the fact…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Marco Braga , Pranav Kasela , Alessandro Raganato , Gabriella Pasi

Understanding data visualizations like charts and plots requires reasoning about both visual elements and numerics. Although strong in extractive questions, current chart visual question answering (chart VQA) models suffer on complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Zhuowan Li , Bhavan Jasani , Peng Tang , Shabnam Ghadar

As large language models (LLMs) are applied to more use cases, creating high quality, task-specific datasets for fine-tuning becomes a bottleneck for model improvement. Using high quality human data has been the most common approach to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Yung-Chieh Chan , George Pu , Apaar Shanker , Parth Suresh , Penn Jenks , John Heyer , Sam Denton

This survey reviews how large language models (LLMs) are transforming synthetic training data generation in both natural language and code domains. By producing artificial but task-relevant examples, these models can significantly augment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Mihai Nadas , Laura Diosan , Andreea Tomescu

Recent studies have demonstrated that Large Language Models (LLMs) have strong mathematical reasoning abilities but rely on hundreds of billions of parameters. To tackle the challenge of poor reasoning in Small Language Models (SLMs),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Xinhe Li , Jiajun Liu , Peng Wang

Socratic questioning is an educational method that allows students to discover answers to complex problems by asking them a series of thoughtful questions. Generation of didactically sound questions is challenging, requiring understanding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Kumar Shridhar , Jakub Macina , Mennatallah El-Assady , Tanmay Sinha , Manu Kapur , Mrinmaya Sachan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various natural language processing tasks but face challenges in mathematical reasoning, where complex problem-solving requires both linguistic understanding and mathematical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Shuguang Chen , Guang Lin
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