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Grover's algorithm provides a quadratic speedup over classical algorithms to search for marked elements in an unstructured database. The original algorithm is probabilistic, returning a marked element with bounded error. There are several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-31 Guanzhong Li , Lvzhou Li

Unstructured search remains as one of the significant challenges in computer science, as classical search algorithms become increasingly impractical for large-scale systems due to their linear time complexity. Quantum algorithms, notably…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-22 Harishankar Mishra , Asvija Balasubramanyam , Gudapati Naresh Raghava

Grover's algorithm solves the unstructured search problem. Grover's algorithm can find the target state with certainty only if searching one out of four. Designing the deterministic search algorithm can avoid any repetition of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Zhen Wang , Kun Zhang , Vladimir Korepin

Search-base algorithms have widespread applications in different scenarios. Grover's quantum search algorithms and its generalization, amplitude amplification, provide a quadratic speedup over classical search algorithms for unstructured…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-21 Xiaoyu He , Jialin Zhang , Xiaoming Sun

Grover's quantum algorithm can find a marked item from an unstructured database faster than any classical algorithm, and hence it has been used for several applications such as cryptanalysis and optimization. When there exist multiple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-02 Kota Tani , Shunji Tsuchiya , Seiichiro Tani , Yuki Takeuchi

The search for "a quantum needle in a quantum haystack" is a metaphor for the problem of finding out which one of a permissible set of unitary mappings---the oracles---is implemented by a given black box. Grover's algorithm solves this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-19 Arun Sehrawat , Le Huy Nguyen , Berthold-Georg Englert

Grover's quantum search algorithm provides a quadratic quantum advantage over classical algorithms across a broad class of unstructured search problems. The original protocol is probabilistic, returning the desired result with significant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-15 Tanay Roy , Liang Jiang , David I. Schuster

Grover's algorithm is a quantum query algorithm solving the unstructured search problem of size $N$ using $O(\sqrt{N})$ queries. It provides a significant speed-up over any classical algorithm \cite{Gro96}. The running time of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-24 Dmitry Kravchenko , Nikolajs Nahimovs , Alexander Rivosh

A quantum computer encodes information in quantum states and runs quantum algorithms to surpass the classical counterparts by exploiting quantum superposition and quantum correlation. Grover's quantum search algorithm is a typical quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-23 Yutong Huang , Shengshi Pang

The Grover algorithm is a crucial solution for addressing unstructured search problems and has emerged as an essential quantum subroutine in various complex algorithms. By using a different approach with previous studies, this research…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-04 Yifan Sun , Lian-Ao Wu

Quantum computation, in particular Grover's algorithm, has aroused a great deal of interest since it allows for a quadratic speedup to be obtained in search procedures. Classical search procedures for an $N$ element database require at most…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-02-09 Luís Tarrataca , Andreas Wichert

We provide a tight analysis of Grover's recent algorithm for quantum database searching. We give a simple closed-form formula for the probability of success after any given number of iterations of the algorithm. This allows us to determine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Michel Boyer , Gilles Brassard , Peter Hoeyer , Alain Tapp

Grover's quantum search algorithm is considered as one of the milestone in the field of quantum computing. The algorithm can search for a single match in a database with $N$ records in $O(\sqrt{N})$ assuming that the item must exist in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-01 Ahmed Younes

The search problem is to find a state satisfying certain properties out of a given set. Grover's algorithm drives a quantum computer from a prepared initial state to the target state and solves the problem quadratically faster than a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Avatar Tulsi

Grover discovered a quantum algorithm for identifying a target element in an unstructured search universe of N items in approximately square-root of N queries to a quantum oracle, thus achieving a square-root speed-up over classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Erdal Arikan

Quantum computing has noteworthy speedup over classical computing by taking advantage of quantum parallelism, i.e., the superposition of states. In particular, quantum search is widely used in various computationally hard problems. Grover's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-29 Ji Liu , Huiyang Zhou

We consider the problem of search of an unstructured list for a marked element, when one is given advice as to where this element might be located, in the form of a probability distribution. The goal is to minimise the expected number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-08-02 Ashley Montanaro

The essential operations of a quantum computer can be accomplished using solely optical elements, with different polarization or spatial modes representing the individual qubits. We present a simple all-optical implementation of Grover's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 P. G. Kwiat , J. R. Mitchell , P. D. D. Schwindt , A. G. White

Grover's search algorithm is designed to be executed on a quantum mechanical computer. In this paper, the probabilistic wp-calculus is used to model and reason about Grover's algorithm. It is demonstrated that the calculus provides a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael Butler , Pieter Hartel

One of the significant breakthroughs in quantum computation is Grover's algorithm for unsorted database search. Recently, the applications of Grover's algorithm to solve global optimization problems have been demonstrated, where unknown…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-22 Yan Wang
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