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Sparse-view 3D reconstruction is essential for applications in which dense image acquisition is impractical, such as robotics, augmented/virtual reality (AR/VR), and autonomous systems. In these settings, minimal image overlap prevents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Tanveer Younis , Zhanglin Cheng

Filtered back projection (FBP) is a classical method for image reconstruction from sinogram CT data. FBP is computationally efficient but produces lower quality reconstructions than more sophisticated iterative methods, particularly when…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-07-09 Dong Hye Ye , Gregery T. Buzzard , Max Ruby , Charles A. Bouman

Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) deliver state-of-the-art generative performance but their quadratic training cost with sequence length makes large-scale pretraining prohibitively expensive. Token dropping can reduce training cost, yet na\"ive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Dogyun Park , Moayed Haji-Ali , Yanyu Li , Willi Menapace , Sergey Tulyakov , Hyunwoo J. Kim , Aliaksandr Siarohin , Anil Kag

This paper proposes a novel approach to spectral computed tomography (CT) material decomposition that uses the recent advances in generative diffusion models (DMs) for inverse problems. Spectral CT and more particularly photon-counting CT…

Helical CT has been widely used in clinical diagnosis. Sparsely spaced multidetector in z direction can increase the coverage of the detector provided limited detector rows. It can speed up volumetric CT scan, lower the radiation dose and…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-10-24 Ao Zheng , Hewei Gao , Li Zhang , Yuxiang Xing

Image denoising is a fundamental and challenging task in the field of computer vision. Most supervised denoising methods learn to reconstruct clean images from noisy inputs, which have intrinsic spectral bias and tend to produce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Yujin Wang , Lingen Li , Tianfan Xue , Jinwei Gu

Sparse-view sampling in dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) significantly reduces radiation dose and increases imaging speed, yet is highly prone to artifacts. Although diffusion models have demonstrated potential in effectively handling…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-11 Zini Chen , Yao Xiao , Junyan Zhang , Shaoyu Wang , Liu Shi , Qiegen Liu

Image reconstruction is an essential step of every medical imaging method, including Photoacoustic Tomography (PAT), which is a promising modality of imaging, that unites the benefits of both ultrasound and optical imaging methods.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-26 Hesam Hakimnejad , Zohreh Azimifar , Narjes Goshtasbi

Sparse-view computed tomography (CT) is an effective method to reduce the radiation exposure in medical imaging. To reduce the severe streaking artifacts that occur in reconstructed images due to violation of the Nyquist/Shannon sampling…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Huiying Li , Yizhuang Song

Conventional physically based rendering (PBR) pipelines generate photorealistic images through computationally intensive light transport simulations. Although recent deep learning approaches leverage diffusion model priors with geometry…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Shenghao Zhang , Runtao Liu , Christopher Schroers , Yang Zhang

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in generating high-quality samples. Existing diffusion-based image restoration algorithms exploit pre-trained diffusion models to leverage data priors, yet they still preserve elements…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-07 Hongjie Wu , Linchao He , Mingqin Zhang , Dongdong Chen , Kunming Luo , Mengting Luo , Ji-Zhe Zhou , Hu Chen , Jiancheng Lv

While latent diffusion models (LDMs), such as Stable Diffusion, are designed for high-resolution (HR) image generation, they often struggle with significant structural distortions when generating images at resolutions higher than their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Boyuan Cao , Jiaxin Ye , Yujie Wei , Hongming Shan

MRI is an inherently slow process, which leads to long scan time for high-resolution imaging. The speed of acquisition can be increased by ignoring parts of the data (undersampling). Consequently, this leads to the degradation of image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-22 Soumick Chatterjee , Mario Breitkopf , Chompunuch Sarasaen , Hadya Yassin , Georg Rose , Andreas Nürnberger , Oliver Speck

For conventional computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction tasks, the most popular method is the so-called filtered-back-projection (FBP) algorithm. In it, the acquired Radon projections are usually filtered first by a ramp kernel…

Medical Physics · Physics 2018-07-06 Yongshuai Ge , Qiyang Zhang , Zhanli Hu , Jianwei Chen , Wei Shi , Hairong Zheng , Dong Liang

Ultrasound computed tomography (USCT) is a promising technique that achieves superior medical imaging reconstruction resolution by fully leveraging waveform information, outperforming conventional ultrasound methods. Despite its advantages,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-23 Yi Sheng , Hanchen Wang , Yipei Liu , Junhuan Yang , Weiwen Jiang , Youzuo Lin , Lei Yang

Computed Tomography (CT) is a widely utilized imaging modality in clinical settings. Using densely acquired rotational X-ray arrays, CT can capture 3D spatial features. However, it is confronted with challenged such as significant time…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-16 Duoyou Chen , Yunqing Chen , Can Zhang , Zhou Wang , Cheng Chen , Ruoxiu Xiao

Cardiac computed tomography (CT) has emerged as a major imaging modality for the diagnosis and monitoring of cardiovascular diseases. High temporal resolution is essential to ensure diagnostic accuracy. Limited-angle data acquisition can…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-12 Shuo Han , Yongshun Xu , Dayang Wang , Bahareh Morovati , Li Zhou , Jonathan S. Maltz , Ge Wang , Hengyong Yu

Standard diffusion corrupts data using Gaussian noise whose Fourier coefficients have random magnitudes and random phases. While effective for unconditional or text-to-image generation, corrupting phase components destroys spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Yu Zeng , Charles Ochoa , Mingyuan Zhou , Vishal M. Patel , Vitor Guizilini , Rowan McAllister

Diffusion models are powerful tools for sampling from high-dimensional distributions by progressively transforming pure noise into structured data through a denoising process. When equipped with a guidance mechanism, these models can also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Saeed Mohseni-Sehdeh , Walid Saad , Kei Sakaguchi , Tao Yu

Diffusion models produce realistic images and videos but require substantial computational resources, necessitating multi-accelerator parallelism for real-time deployment. However, parallel inference introduces significant communication…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Jiajun Luo , Yicheng Xiao , Jianru Xu , Yangxiu You , Rongwei Lu , Chen Tang , Jingyan Jiang , Zhi Wang