Related papers: Monitorability for the Modal mu-Calculus over Syst…
This paper establishes a comprehensive theory of runtime monitorability for Hennessy-Milner logic with recursion, a very expressive variant of the modal $\mu$-calculus. It investigates the monitorability of that logic with a linear-time…
The ubiquitous reliance on software systems increases the need for ensuring that systems behave correctly and are well protected against security risks. Runtime enforcement is a dynamic analysis technique that utilizes software monitors to…
Runtime enforcement is a dynamic analysis technique that uses monitors to enforce the behaviour specified by some correctness property on an executing system. The enforceability of a logic captures the extent to which the properties…
Runtime Verification is a lightweight formal verification technique. It is used to verify at runtime whether the system under analysis behaves as expected. The expected behaviour is usually formally specified by means of properties, which…
Runtime Verification deals with the question of whether a run of a system adheres to its specification. This paper studies runtime verification in the presence of partial knowledge about the observed run, particularly where input values may…
Runtime verification is checking whether a system execution satisfies or violates a given correctness property. A procedure that automatically, and typically on the fly, verifies conformance of the system's behavior to the specified…
Runtime Monitoring is a lightweight and dynamic verification technique that involves observing the internal operations of a software system and/or its interactions with other external entities, with the aim of determining whether the system…
Runtime verification is a lightweight verification technique that complements model checking by analyzing system executions at runtime rather than exploring a complete system model in advance. It is particularly useful for partially…
Runtime enforcement is a dynamic analysis technique that instruments a monitor with a system in order to ensure its correctness as specified by some property. This paper explores bidirectional enforcement strategies for properties…
Monitorability delineates what properties can be verified at runtime. Although many monitorability definitions exist, few are defined explicitly in terms of the guarantees provided by monitors, i.e., the computational entities carrying out…
This paper studies the extent to which branching-time properties can be adequately verified using runtime monitors. We depart from the classical setup where monitoring is limited to a single system execution and investigate the enhanced…
Runtime verification enables checking temporal logic specifications over individual execution traces and offers a scalable alternative to exhaustive formal verification. In practice, systems must satisfy dozens to hundreds of temporal…
In runtime verification, a monitor watches a trace of a system and, if possible, decides after observing each finite prefix whether or not the unknown infinite trace satisfies a given specification. We generalize the theory of runtime…
Formal verification provides strong safety guarantees but only for models of cyber-physical systems. Hybrid system models describe the required interplay of computation and physical dynamics, which is crucial to guarantee what computations…
This paper presents an extension of the safety fragment of Hennessy-Milner Logic with recursion over sets of traces, in the spirit of Hyper-LTL. It then introduces a novel monitoring setup that employs circuit-like structures to combine…
Runtime verification encompasses several lightweight techniques for checking whether a system's current execution satisfies a given specification. We focus on runtime verification for Linear Temporal Logic (LTL). Previous work describes…
As machine learning (ML) components become increasingly integrated into software systems, the emphasis on the ethical or responsible aspects of their use has grown significantly. This includes building ML-based systems that adhere to…
Monitoring is an important part of the verification toolbox, in particular in situations where exhaustive verification using, e.g., model-checking is infeasible. The goal of online monitoring is to determine the satisfaction or violation of…
Runtime monitoring is generally considered a light-weight alternative to formal verification. In safety-critical systems, however, the monitor itself is a critical component. For example, if the monitor is responsible for initiating…
Runtime verification is an area of formal methods that studies the dynamic analysis of execution traces against formal specifications. Typically, the two main activities in runtime verification efforts are the process of creating monitors…