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It is widely acknowledged that the performance of Transformer models is logarithmically related to their number of parameters and computational complexity. While approaches like Mixture of Experts (MoE) decouple parameter count from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Zihao Huang , Qiyang Min , Hongzhi Huang , Defa Zhu , Yutao Zeng , Ran Guo , Xun Zhou

To enhance the efficiency, scalability, and cross-survey applicability of stellar parameter inference in large spectroscopic datasets, we present a modular, parallelized Python framework with automated error estimation, built on the LAMOST…

The matrices used in many computational settings are naturally sparse, holding a small percentage of nonzero elements. Storing such matrices in specialized sparse formats enables algorithms that avoid wasting computation on zeros,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Pratyush Das , Amirhossein Basareh , Adhitha Dias , Artem Pelenitsyn , Kirshanthan Sundararajah , Milind Kulkarni , Ben Delaware

Despite the significant advancements in Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), their tendency to generate hallucinations undermines reliability and restricts broader practical deployment. Among the hallucination mitigation methods, feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Tiantian Dang , Chao Bi , Shufan Shen , Jinzhe Liu , Qingming Huang , Shuhui Wang

Sparse matrix vector multiplication (SpMV) is an important kernel in scientific and engineering applications. The previous optimizations are sparse matrix format specific and expose the choice of the best format to application programmers.…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2012-10-10 Jiajia Li , Xiuxia Zhang , Guangming Tan , Mingyu Chen

Accelerators for sparse matrix multiplication are important components in emerging systems. In this paper, we study the main challenges of accelerating Sparse Matrix Multiplication (SpMM). For the situations that data is not stored in the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Pareesa Ameneh Golnari , Sharad Malik

Recently, inspired by the concept of sparsity, Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have gained increasing popularity for scaling model size while keeping the number of activated parameters constant. In this study, we thoroughly investigate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Xiaoye Qu , Daize Dong , Xuyang Hu , Tong Zhu , Weigao Sun , Yu Cheng

The rapid development of large language models (LLM) has greatly enhanced everyday applications. While many FPGA-based accelerators, with flexibility for fine-grained data control, exhibit superior speed and energy efficiency compared to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zifan He , Shengyu Ye , Rui Ma , Yang Wang , Jason Cong

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) has recently attracted significant attention as both a cryptographic primitive and a systems challenge. Given the latest advances in accelerated computing, FHE presents a promising opportunity for…

State Space Models (SSMs) offer a promising alternative to transformers for long-sequence processing. However, their efficiency remains hindered by memory-bound operations, particularly in the prefill stage. While MARCA, a recent first…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Robin Geens , Arne Symons , Marian Verhelst

Recent breakthroughs in Large-scale language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on various tasks. The immense sizes of LLMs have led to very high resource demand and cost for running the models. Though the models are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Juntao Zhao , Borui Wan , Yanghua Peng , Haibin Lin , Chuan Wu

In Diffusion Transformer (DiT) models, particularly for video generation, attention latency is a major bottleneck due to the long sequence length and the quadratic complexity. We find that attention weights can be separated into two parts:…

The growing demand for long-context inference capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) has intensified the computational and memory bottlenecks inherent to the self-attention mechanism. To address this challenge, we introduce BLASST, a…

Continual learning in natural language processing plays a crucial role in adapting to evolving data and preventing catastrophic forgetting. Despite significant progress, existing methods still face challenges, such as inefficient parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Min Zeng , Xi Chen , Haiqin Yang , Yike Guo

The integration of dynamic, sparse structures like Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) with parameter-efficient adapters (e.g., LoRA) is a powerful technique for enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs). However, this architectural enhancement comes at…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Qiyang Li , Rui Kong , Yuchen Li , Hengyi Cai , Shuaiqiang Wang , Linghe Kong , Guihai Chen , Dawei Yin

A low-latency and energy-efficient tensor algebra accelerator design must optimize how data movement and operations are scheduled (i.e., mapped) in the accelerator architecture. A key mapping optimization is fusion, meaning holding data…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Tanner Andrulis , Michael Gilbert , Vivienne Sze , Joel S. Emer

Recent neural networks (NNs) with self-attention exhibit competitiveness across different AI domains, but the essential attention mechanism brings massive computation and memory demands. To this end, various sparsity patterns are introduced…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Haibin Wu , Wenming Li , Kai Yan , Zhihua Fan , Peiyang Wu , Yuqun Liu , Yanhuan Liu , Ziqing Qiang , Meng Wu , Kunming Liu , Xiaochun Ye , Dongrui Fan

Transformers excel in Natural Language Processing (NLP) due to their prowess in capturing long-term dependencies but suffer from exponential resource consumption with increasing sequence lengths. To address these challenges, we propose MCSD…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Hua Yang , Duohai Li , Shiman Li

Meeting service-level objectives (SLOs) in Large Language Models (LLMs) serving is critical, but managing the high variability in load presents a significant challenge. Recent advancements in FP8 inference, backed by native hardware…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Haeun Lee , Omin Kwon , Yeonhong Park , Jae W. Lee

Scaling Transformers to longer sequence lengths has been a major problem in the last several years, promising to improve performance in language modeling and high-resolution image understanding, as well as to unlock new applications in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Tri Dao