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Trustworthy ML systems should not only return accurate predictions, but also a reliable representation of their uncertainty. Bayesian methods are commonly used to quantify both aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty, but alternative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Mira Jürgens , Nis Meinert , Viktor Bengs , Eyke Hüllermeier , Willem Waegeman

Deterministic neural networks (NNs) are increasingly being deployed in safety critical domains, where calibrated, robust, and efficient measures of uncertainty are crucial. In this paper, we propose a novel method for training non-Bayesian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Alexander Amini , Wilko Schwarting , Ava Soleimany , Daniela Rus

Uncertainty-aware deep learning (DL) models recently gained attention in fault diagnosis as a way to promote the reliable detection of faults when out-of-distribution (OOD) data arise from unseen faults (epistemic uncertainty) or the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Reza Jalayer , Masoud Jalayer , Andrea Mor , Carlotta Orsenigo , Carlo Vercellis

The quantification of uncertainty is important for the adoption of machine learning, especially to reject out-of-distribution (OOD) data back to human experts for review. Yet progress has been slow, as a balance must be struck between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Derek Everett , Andre T. Nguyen , Luke E. Richards , Edward Raff

Advancements in deep learning-based 3D object detection necessitate the availability of large-scale datasets. However, this requirement introduces the challenge of manual annotation, which is often both burdensome and time-consuming. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Helbert Paat , Qing Lian , Weilong Yao , Tong Zhang

While deep neural networks have become the go-to approach in computer vision, the vast majority of these models fail to properly capture the uncertainty inherent in their predictions. Estimating this predictive uncertainty can be crucial,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Fredrik K. Gustafsson , Martin Danelljan , Thomas B. Schön

Quantifying uncertainty is important for actionable predictions in real-world applications. A crucial part of predictive uncertainty quantification is the estimation of epistemic uncertainty, which is defined as an integral of the product…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Kajetan Schweighofer , Lukas Aichberger , Mykyta Ielanskyi , Günter Klambauer , Sepp Hochreiter

Determining causal effects of interventions onto outcomes from real-world, observational (non-randomized) data, e.g., treatment repurposing using electronic health records, is challenging due to underlying bias. Causal deep learning has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Shantanu Ghosh , Zheng Feng , Jiang Bian , Kevin Butler , Mattia Prosperi

Adversarial examples derived from deliberately crafted perturbations on visual inputs can easily harm decision process of deep neural networks. To prevent potential threats, various adversarial training-based defense methods have grown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Byung-Kwan Lee , Junho Kim , Yong Man Ro

Recently, Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection in dynamic graphs, which aims to identify whether incoming data deviates from the distribution of the in-distribution (ID) training set, has garnered considerable attention in security-sensitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Nan Sun , Xixun Lin , Zhiheng Zhou , Yanmin Shang , Zhenlin Cheng , Yanan Cao

The calibration of predictive distributions has been widely studied in deep learning, but the same cannot be said about the more specific epistemic uncertainty as produced by Deep Ensembles, Bayesian Deep Networks, or Evidential Deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Mohammed Fellaji , Frédéric Pennerath , Brieuc Conan-Guez , Miguel Couceiro

In this paper, we propose Evidential Conformal Prediction (ECP) method for image classifiers to generate the conformal prediction sets. Our method is designed based on a non-conformity score function that has its roots in Evidential Deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Hamed Karimi , Reza Samavi

Deterministic neural nets have been shown to learn effective predictors on a wide range of machine learning problems. However, as the standard approach is to train the network to minimize a prediction loss, the resultant model remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-02 Murat Sensoy , Lance Kaplan , Melih Kandemir

Recent work has shown that, when integrated with adversarial training, self-supervised pre-training can lead to state-of-the-art robustness In this work, we improve robustness-aware self-supervised pre-training by learning representations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Ziyu Jiang , Tianlong Chen , Ting Chen , Zhangyang Wang

The success of deep learning (DL) is often achieved with large models and high complexity during both training and post-training inferences, hindering training in resource-limited settings. To alleviate these issues, this paper introduces a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 En-hui Yang , Shayan Mohajer Hamidi

Deep learning algorithms have become an essential component in the field of cognitive radio, especially playing a pivotal role in automatic modulation classification. However, Deep learning also present risks and vulnerabilities. Despite…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-28 Tailai Wen , Da Ke , Xiang Wang , Zhitao Huang

Deep learning models frequently encounter feature uncertainty in diverse learning scenarios, significantly impacting their performance and reliability. This challenge is particularly complex in multi-modal scenarios, where models must…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Jiahao Qin , Bei Peng , Feng Liu , Guangliang Cheng , Lu Zong

Trustworthy multi-view learning has attracted extensive attention because evidence learning can provide reliable uncertainty estimation to enhance the credibility of multi-view predictions. Existing trusted multi-view learning methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Xuyang Wang , Siyuan Duan , Qizhi Li , Guiduo Duan , Yuan Sun , Dezhong Peng

Existing semi-supervised medical segmentation co-learning frameworks have realized that model performance can be diminished by the biases in model recognition caused by low-quality pseudo-labels. Due to the averaging nature of their…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-20 Yuanpeng He , Yali Bi , Lijian Li , Chi-Man Pun , Wenpin Jiao , Zhi Jin

Multi-view learning aims to combine multiple features to achieve more comprehensive descriptions of data. Most previous works assume that multiple views are strictly aligned. However, real-world multi-view data may contain low-quality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Cai Xu , Jiajun Si , Ziyu Guan , Wei Zhao , Yue Wu , Xiyue Gao