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Related papers: WAKE: Watermarking Audio with Key Enrichment

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EEG-based neural networks, pivotal in medical diagnosis and brain-computer interfaces, face significant intellectual property (IP) risks due to their reliance on sensitive neurophysiological data and resource-intensive development. Current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Ahmed Abdelaziz , Ahmed Fathi , Ahmed Fares

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, but their training requires extensive data and computational resources, rendering them valuable digital assets. Therefore, it is essential to watermark LLMs to protect…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Shuai Li , Kejiang Chen , Jun Jiang , Jie Zhang , Qiyi Yao , Kai Zeng , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

By and large, existing Intellectual Property (IP) protection on deep neural networks typically i) focus on image classification task only, and ii) follow a standard digital watermarking framework that was conventionally used to protect the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Jian Han Lim , Chee Seng Chan , Kam Woh Ng , Lixin Fan , Qiang Yang

Machine learning involves expensive data collection and training procedures. Model owners may be concerned that valuable intellectual property can be leaked if adversaries mount model extraction attacks. As it is difficult to defend against…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Hengrui Jia , Christopher A. Choquette-Choo , Varun Chandrasekaran , Nicolas Papernot

Noise is often brought to host audio by common signal processing operation, and it usually changes the high-frequency component of an audio signal. So embedding watermark by adjusting low-frequency coefficient can improve the robustness of…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2017-04-11 Jinquan Zhang , Bin Han

Recent advances in generative AI have enabled the creation of highly realistic digital content, raising concerns around authenticity, ownership, and misuse. While watermarking has become an increasingly important mechanism to trace and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Maria Bulychev , Neil G. Marchant , Benjamin I. P. Rubinstein

The proliferation of AI-generated content and sophisticated video editing tools has made it both important and challenging to moderate digital platforms. Video watermarking addresses these challenges by embedding imperceptible signals into…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Pierre Fernandez , Hady Elsahar , I. Zeki Yalniz , Alexandre Mourachko

Deepfakes generated by modern generative models pose a serious threat to information integrity, digital identity, and public trust. Existing detection methods are largely reactive, attempting to identify manipulations after they occur and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Bibek Das , Chandranath Adak , Soumi Chattopadhyay , Zahid Akhtar , Soumya Dutta

AI-Generated Content (AIGC) is rapidly expanding, with services using advanced generative models to create realistic images and fluent text. Regulating such content is crucial to prevent policy violations, such as unauthorized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Guanlin Li , Yifei Chen , Jie Zhang , Shangwei Guo , Han Qiu , Guoyin Wang , Jiwei Li , Tianwei Zhang

With the significant advances in deep generative models for image and video synthesis, Deepfakes and manipulated media have raised severe societal concerns. Conventional machine learning classifiers for deepfake detection often fail to cope…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Aakash Varma Nadimpalli , Ajita Rattani

In this article, the authors discuss the problem of forensic authentication of digital audio recordings. Although forensic audio has been addressed in several articles, the existing approaches are focused on analog magnetic recordings,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Marcos Faundez-Zanuy , Jose Juan Lucena-Molina , Martin Hagmueller

This paper introduces a novel problem, distributional information embedding, motivated by the practical demands of multi-bit watermarking for large language models (LLMs). Unlike traditional information embedding, which embeds information…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Haiyun He , Yepeng Liu , Ziqiao Wang , Yongyi Mao , Yuheng Bu

The rapid proliferation of realistic deepfakes has raised urgent concerns over their misuse, motivating the use of defensive watermarks in synthetic images for reliable detection and provenance tracking. However, this defense paradigm…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Wei Song , Zhenchang Xing , Liming Zhu , Yulei Sui , Jingling Xue

In the burgeoning age of generative AI, watermarks act as identifiers of provenance and artificial content. We present WAVES (Watermark Analysis Via Enhanced Stress-testing), a benchmark for assessing image watermark robustness, overcoming…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Bang An , Mucong Ding , Tahseen Rabbani , Aakriti Agrawal , Yuancheng Xu , Chenghao Deng , Sicheng Zhu , Abdirisak Mohamed , Yuxin Wen , Tom Goldstein , Furong Huang

Data leakage from API responses has drawn wide attention. APIs are often not fully regulated, making them easy to abuse. One common solution is to embed watermarks into API responses for traceability. However, existing watermarking methods…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Yifei Zhou , Xianjun Gu , Xinyu Dai , Ming Liu , Lansheng Han

Deepfake technology poses increasing risks such as privacy invasion and identity theft. To address these threats, we propose WaveGuard, a proactive watermarking framework that enhances robustness and imperceptibility via frequency-domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Ziyuan He , Zhiqing Guo , Liejun Wang , Gaobo Yang , Yunfeng Diao , Dan Ma

High-fidelity text-to-image diffusion models have revolutionized visual content generation, but their widespread use raises significant ethical concerns, including intellectual property protection and the misuse of synthetic media. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Yunzhuo Chen , Naveed Akhtar , Nur Al Hasan Haldar , Ajmal Mian

Untrustworthy users can misuse image generators to synthesize high-quality deepfakes and engage in unethical activities. Watermarking deters misuse by marking generated content with a hidden message, enabling its detection using a secret…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Nils Lukas , Abdulrahman Diaa , Lucas Fenaux , Florian Kerschbaum

As AI advances, copyrighted content faces growing risk of unauthorized use, whether through model training or direct misuse. Building upon invisible adversarial perturbation, recent works developed copyright protections against specific AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Tianci Liu , Tong Yang , Quan Zhang , Qi Lei

The availability of bandwidth for internet access is sufficient enough to communicate digital assets. These digital assets are subjected to various types of threats. [19] As a result of this, protection mechanism required for the protection…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2013-01-23 Mahimn Pandya , Hiren Joshi , Ashish Jani