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As Large Language Models (LLMs) are integrated with human daily applications rapidly, many societal and ethical concerns are raised regarding the behavior of LLMs. One of the ways to comprehend LLMs' behavior is to analyze their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Xiaoyang Song , Yuta Adachi , Jessie Feng , Mouwei Lin , Linhao Yu , Frank Li , Akshat Gupta , Gopala Anumanchipalli , Simerjot Kaur

LLMs as intelligent agents are being increasingly applied in scenarios where human interactions are involved, leading to a critical concern about whether LLMs are faithful to the variations in culture across regions. Several works have…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Nicholas Sukiennik , Chen Gao , Fengli Xu , Yong Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated human-like capabilities in language comprehension and generation, becoming active participants in social and cognitive domains. This study investigates whether LLMs exhibit personality-like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Wang Jiaqi , Wang bo , Guo fa , Cheng cheng , Yang li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly being adopted by users across the globe, who interact with them in a diverse range of languages. At the same time, there are well-documented imbalances in the training data and optimisation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Bram Bulté , Ayla Rigouts Terryn

Existing benchmarks that measure cultural adaptation in LLMs are misaligned with the actual challenges these models face when interacting with users from diverse cultural backgrounds. In this work, we introduce the first framework and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shreya Havaldar , Sunny Rai , Young-Min Cho , Lyle Ungar

Psychological assessment tools have long helped humans understand behavioural patterns. While Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate content comparable to that of humans, we explore whether they exhibit personality traits. To this end,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Pranav Bhandari , Usman Naseem , Amitava Datta , Nicolas Fay , Mehwish Nasim

As large language models (LLMs) appear to behave increasingly human-like in text-based interactions, more and more researchers become interested in investigating personality in LLMs. However, the diversity of psychological personality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Zhiyuan Wen , Yu Yang , Jiannong Cao , Haoming Sun , Ruosong Yang , Shuaiqi Liu

Large-scale deployment of large language models (LLMs) in various applications, such as chatbots and virtual assistants, requires LLMs to be culturally sensitive to the user to ensure inclusivity. Culture has been widely studied in…

The expression of emotions that serve social purposes, such as asserting independence or fostering interdependence, is central to human interactions and varies systematically across cultures. As LLMs are increasingly used to simulate human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Sree Bhattacharyya , Manas Mehta , Leona Chen , Cristina Salvador , Agata Lapedriza , Shiran Dudy , James Z. Wang

Improving cultural competence of language technologies is important. However most recent works rarely engage with the communities they study, and instead rely on synthetic setups and imperfect proxies of culture. In this work, we take a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Shaily Bhatt , Tal August , Maria Antoniak

As the deployment of large language models (LLMs) expands, there is an increasing demand for personalized LLMs. One method to personalize and guide the outputs of these models is by assigning a persona -- a role that describes the expected…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Mahammed Kamruzzaman , Hieu Nguyen , Nazmul Hassan , Gene Louis Kim

Large Language Models (LLMs) attempt to imitate human behavior by responding to humans in a way that pleases them, including by adhering to their values. However, humans come from diverse cultures with different values. It is critical to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Julia Kharchenko , Tanya Roosta , Aman Chadha , Chirag Shah

A growing body of research examines personality traits in Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly in human-agent collaboration. Prior work has frequently applied the Big Five inventory to assess LLM behavior analogous to human…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Kim Zierahn , Cristina Cachero , Anna Korhonen , Nuria Oliver

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in human-centered tasks, assessing their psychological traits is crucial for understanding their social impact and ensuring trustworthy AI alignment. While existing reviews have covered…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Wenhan Dong , Yuemeng Zhao , Zhen Sun , Yule Liu , Zifan Peng , Jingyi Zheng , Zongmin Zhang , Ziyi Zhang , Jun Wu , Ruiming Wang , Shengmin Xu , Xinyi Huang , Xinlei He

Large language models (LLMs) closely interact with humans, and thus need an intimate understanding of the cultural values of human society. In this paper, we explore how open-source LLMs make judgments on diverse categories of cultural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Minsang Kim , Seungjun Baek

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in solving various tasks, progressively evolving into general-purpose assistants. The increasing integration of LLMs into society has sparked interest in whether they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Yuan Li , Yue Huang , Hongyi Wang , Ying Cheng , Xiangliang Zhang , James Zou , Lichao Sun

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized natural language processing, enabling the generation of coherent and contextually relevant human-like text. As LLMs increasingly powerconversational agents used by the general…

Recent research has focused on examining Large Language Models' (LLMs) characteristics from a psychological standpoint, acknowledging the necessity of understanding their behavioral characteristics. The administration of personality tests…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Jen-tse Huang , Wenxiang Jiao , Man Ho Lam , Eric John Li , Wenxuan Wang , Michael R. Lyu

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly accessible in many countries, it is essential to align them to serve pluralistic human values across cultures. However, pluralistic culture alignment in LLMs remain an open problem. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Shaoyang Xu , Yongqi Leng , Linhao Yu , Deyi Xiong

Cultural representation in Large Language Model (LLM) outputs has primarily been evaluated through the proxies of cultural diversity and factual accuracy. However, a crucial gap remains in assessing cultural alignment: the degree to which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Erin MacMurray van Liemt , Aida Davani , Sinchana Kumbale , Neha Dixit , Sunipa Dev
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