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Related papers: When Maximum Entropy Misleads Policy Optimization

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In this paper, we show that Simple Preference Optimization (SimPO) can be derived as Maximum Entropy Reinforcement Learning, providing a theoretical foundation for this reference-free method. Motivated by SimPO's strong performance in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Ömer Veysel Çağatan , Barış Akgün

Entropy regularization is commonly used to improve policy optimization in reinforcement learning. It is believed to help with \emph{exploration} by encouraging the selection of more stochastic policies. In this work, we analyze this claim…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Zafarali Ahmed , Nicolas Le Roux , Mohammad Norouzi , Dale Schuurmans

Recently, reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has been widely used for enhancing the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs). A core challenge in RLVR involves managing the exchange between entropy and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Jia Deng , Jie Chen , Zhipeng Chen , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

While reinforcement learning (RL) holds great potential for decision making in the real world, it suffers from a number of unique difficulties which often need specific consideration. In particular: it is highly non-stationary; suffers from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Alexander David Goldie , Chris Lu , Matthew Thomas Jackson , Shimon Whiteson , Jakob Nicolaus Foerster

In the pursuit of finding an optimal policy, reinforcement learning (RL) methods generally ignore the properties of learned policies apart from their expected return. Thus, even when successful, it is difficult to characterize which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yash Jhaveri , Harley Wiltzer , Patrick Shafto , Marc G. Bellemare , David Meger

Modern Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms require estimates of the maximal Q-value, which are difficult to compute in continuous domains with an infinite number of possible actions. In this work, we introduce a new update rule for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Divyansh Garg , Joey Hejna , Matthieu Geist , Stefano Ermon

Existing studies on constrained reinforcement learning (RL) may obtain a well-performing policy in the training environment. However, when deployed in a real environment, it may easily violate constraints that were originally satisfied…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Zhongchang Sun , Sihong He , Fei Miao , Shaofeng Zou

This paper presents a general framework for exploiting the representational capacity of neural networks to approximate complex, nonlinear reward functions in the context of solving the inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) problem. We show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-03-14 Markus Wulfmeier , Peter Ondruska , Ingmar Posner

A major challenge of reinforcement learning (RL) in real-world applications is the variation between environments, tasks or clients. Meta-RL (MRL) addresses this issue by learning a meta-policy that adapts to new tasks. Standard MRL methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Ido Greenberg , Shie Mannor , Gal Chechik , Eli Meirom

In reinforcement learning (RL), an autonomous agent learns to perform complex tasks by maximizing an exogenous reward signal while interacting with its environment. In real-world applications, test conditions may differ substantially from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Matteo Turchetta , Andreas Krause , Sebastian Trimpe

Meta reinforcement learning (Meta-RL) is an approach wherein the experience gained from solving a variety of tasks is distilled into a meta-policy. The meta-policy, when adapted over only a small (or just a single) number of steps, is able…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Desik Rengarajan , Sapana Chaudhary , Jaewon Kim , Dileep Kalathil , Srinivas Shakkottai

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful machine learning technique that enables an intelligent agent to learn an optimal policy that maximizes the cumulative rewards in sequential decision making. Most of methods in the existing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-06 Chengchun Shi , Zhengling Qi , Jianing Wang , Fan Zhou

While reinforcement learning algorithms can learn effective policies for complex tasks, these policies are often brittle to even minor task variations, especially when variations are not explicitly provided during training. One natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Saurabh Kumar , Aviral Kumar , Sergey Levine , Chelsea Finn

Multi-task Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) is the problem of inferring multiple reward functions from expert demonstrations. Prior work, built on Bayesian IRL, is unable to scale to complex environments due to computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-17 Adam Gleave , Oliver Habryka

The policy gradient method enjoys the simplicity of the objective where the agent optimizes the cumulative reward directly. Moreover, in the continuous action domain, parameterized distribution of action distribution allows easy control of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Md Masudur Rahman , Yexiang Xue

Several recent works have been dedicated to unsupervised reinforcement learning in a single environment, in which a policy is first pre-trained with unsupervised interactions, and then fine-tuned towards the optimal policy for several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-17 Mirco Mutti , Mattia Mancassola , Marcello Restelli

Reinforcement learning (RL) in large or infinite state spaces is notoriously challenging, both theoretically (where worst-case sample and computational complexities must scale with state space cardinality) and experimentally (where function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Marcel Hussing , Michael Kearns , Aaron Roth , Sikata Bela Sengupta , Jessica Sorrell

Imitation learning (IL) algorithms use expert demonstrations to learn a specific task. Most of the existing approaches assume that all expert demonstrations are reliable and trustworthy, but what if there exist some adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Mostafa Hussein , Brendan Crowe , Marek Petrik , Momotaz Begum

We revisit the classical problem of inverting dimension-reducing linear mappings using the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) criterion. In the literature, solutions are problem-dependent, inconsistent, and use different entropy measures. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Paul M Baggenstoss

In the era of deep reinforcement learning, making progress is more complex, as the collected experience must be compressed into a deep model for future exploitation and sampling. Many papers have shown that training a deep learning policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Glen Berseth