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Traditional reinforcement learning agents learn from experience, past or present, gained through interaction with their environment. Our approach synthesizes experience, without requiring an agent to interact with their environment, by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-01 Chris R. Serrano , Michael A. Warren

Building generalizable goal-conditioned agents from rich observations is a key to reinforcement learning (RL) solving real world problems. Traditionally in goal-conditioned RL, an agent is provided with the exact goal they intend to reach.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Philippe Hansen-Estruch , Amy Zhang , Ashvin Nair , Patrick Yin , Sergey Levine

Walk-based models have shown their advantages in knowledge graph (KG) reasoning by achieving decent performance while providing interpretable decisions. However, the sparse reward signals offered by the KG during traversal are often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Deren Lei , Gangrong Jiang , Xiaotao Gu , Kexuan Sun , Yuning Mao , Xiang Ren

There is growing excitement about building software verifiers, synthesizers, and other Automated Reasoning (AR) tools by combining traditional symbolic algorithms and Large Language Models (LLMs). Unfortunately, the current practice for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Aaron Bembenek

Reinforcement learning presents an attractive paradigm to reason about several distinct aspects of sequential decision making, such as specifying complex goals, planning future observations and actions, and critiquing their utilities.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Siyan Zhao , Aditya Grover

Two key challenges within Reinforcement Learning involve improving (a) agent learning within environments with sparse extrinsic rewards and (b) the explainability of agent actions. We describe a curious subgoal focused agent to address both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Connor van Rossum , Candice Feinberg , Adam Abu Shumays , Kyle Baxter , Benedek Bartha

In the sequential decision making setting, an agent aims to achieve systematic generalization over a large, possibly infinite, set of environments. Such environments are modeled as discrete Markov decision processes with both states and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Mirco Mutti , Riccardo De Santi , Emanuele Rossi , Juan Felipe Calderon , Michael Bronstein , Marcello Restelli

The proliferation of artificial intelligence is increasingly dependent on model understanding. Understanding demands both an interpretation - a human reasoning about a model's behavior - and an explanation - a symbolic representation of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Charl Maree , Christian W. Omlin

Reward design for reinforcement learning agents can be difficult in situations where one not only wants the agent to achieve some effect in the world but where one also cares about how that effect is achieved. For example, we might wish for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Xiangyu Peng , Christopher Cui , Wei Zhou , Renee Jia , Mark Riedl

How should an agent decide when and how to plan? A dominant approach builds agents as reactive policies with adaptive computation (e.g., chain-of-thought), trained end-to-end expecting planning to emerge implicitly. Without control over the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Mingkai Deng , Jinyu Hou , Lara Sá Neves , Varad Pimpalkhute , Taylor W. Killian , Zhengzhong Liu , Eric P. Xing

With recent and rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), understanding the foundation of purposeful behaviour in autonomous agents is crucial for developing safe and efficient systems. While artificial neural networks have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Aswin Paul , Moein Khajehnejad , Forough Habibollahi , Brett J. Kagan , Adeel Razi

How do cognitive agents decide what is the relevant information to learn and how goals are selected to gain this knowledge? Cognitive agents need to be motivated to perform any action. We discuss that emotions arise when differences between…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Guido Schillaci , Alejandra Ciria , Bruno Lara

Many real-world systems can be described by mathematical models that are human-comprehensible, easy to analyze and help explain the system's behavior. Symbolic regression is a method that can automatically generate such models from data.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Jiří Kubalík , Erik Derner , Robert Babuška

In an unfamiliar setting, a model-based reinforcement learning agent can be limited by the accuracy of its world model. In this work, we present a novel, training-free approach to improving the performance of such agents separately from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Martin Benfeghoul , Umais Zahid , Qinghai Guo , Zafeirios Fountas

We propose an extension of the reinforcement learning architecture that enables moral decision-making of reinforcement learning agents based on normative reasons. Central to this approach is a reason-based shield generator yielding a moral…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Kevin Baum , Lisa Dargasz , Felix Jahn , Timo P. Gros , Verena Wolf

This work presents a step towards utilizing incrementally-improving symbolic perception knowledge of the robot's surroundings for provably correct reactive control synthesis applied to an autonomous driving problem. Combining abstract…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Disha Kamale , Sofie Haesaert , Cristian-Ioan Vasile

Our goal is to $\textit{efficiently}$ discover a compact set of temporal logic rules to explain irregular events of interest. We introduce a neural-symbolic rule induction framework within the temporal point process model. The negative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yang Yang , Chao Yang , Boyang Li , Yinghao Fu , Shuang Li

Learning to solve long horizon temporally extended tasks with reinforcement learning has been a challenge for several years now. We believe that it is important to leverage both the hierarchical structure of complex tasks and to use expert…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Bharat Prakash , Nicholas Waytowich , Tim Oates , Tinoosh Mohsenin

We propose a learning architecture that allows symbolic control and guidance in reinforcement learning with deep neural networks. We introduce SymDQN, a novel modular approach that augments the existing Dueling Deep Q-Networks (DuelDQN)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Ivo Amador , Nina Gierasimczuk

Methods for learning optimal policies in autonomous agents often assume that the way the domain is conceptualised---its possible states and actions and their causal structure---is known in advance and does not change during learning. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-11 Craig Innes , Alex Lascarides , Stefano V Albrecht , Subramanian Ramamoorthy , Benjamin Rosman