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Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have advanced static visual--spatial reasoning, yet they often fail to preserve long-horizon spatial coherence in embodied settings where beliefs must be continuously revised from egocentric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Chih-Ting Liao , Xi Xiao , Chunlei Meng , Zhangquan Chen , Yitong Qiao , Weilin Zhou , Tianyang Wang , Xu Zheng , Xin Cao

Rapid advances in audio-video (AV) generation have enabled high-fidelity synthesis with synchronized sound, particularly for human-related scenarios involving speech and interactions. Yet evaluation for AV generation remains at an early…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jialiang Yang , Bin Xia , Ruihang Chu , Dingdong Wang , Wanke Xia , Zhun Mou , Tianyang Zhong , Yiting Zhao , Wenming Yang

Embodied Visual Reasoning (EVR) seeks to follow complex, free-form instructions based on egocentric video, enabling semantic understanding and spatiotemporal reasoning in dynamic environments. Despite its promising potential, EVR encounters…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Kailing Li , Qi'ao Xu , Tianwen Qian , Yuqian Fu , Yang Jiao , Xiaoling Wang

Spatial reasoning in large-scale 3D environments such as warehouses remains a significant challenge for vision-language systems due to scene clutter, occlusions, and the need for precise spatial understanding. Existing models often struggle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Tanner Muturi , Blessing Agyei Kyem , Joshua Kofi Asamoah , Neema Jakisa Owor , Richard Dyzinela , Andrews Danyo , Yaw Adu-Gyamfi , Armstrong Aboah

Understanding social interaction, which encompasses perceiving numerous and subtle multimodal cues, inferring unobservable mental states and relations, and dynamically predicting others' behavior, is the foundation for achieving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Fanqi Kong , Weiqin Zu , Xinyu Chen , Yaodong Yang , Song-Chun Zhu , Xue Feng

Vision language models (VLMs) perform well on many tasks but often fail at spatial reasoning, which is essential for navigation and interaction with physical environments. Many spatial reasoning tasks depend on fundamental two-dimensional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Yihong Tang , Ao Qu , Zhaokai Wang , Dingyi Zhuang , Zhaofeng Wu , Wei Ma , Shenhao Wang , Yunhan Zheng , Zhan Zhao , Jinhua Zhao

Current evaluations of spatial intelligence can be systematically invalid under modern vision-language model (VLM) settings. First, many benchmarks derive question-answer (QA) pairs from point-cloud-based 3D annotations originally curated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Yiming Zhang , Jiacheng Chen , Jiaqi Tan , Yongsen Mao , Wenhu Chen , Angel X. Chang

Though recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable progress across a wide range of multimodal tasks, understanding 3D spatial relationships from limited views remains a significant challenge. Previous reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Zhangquan Chen , Manyuan Zhang , Xinlei Yu , Xufang Luo , Mingze Sun , Zihao Pan , Xiang An , Yan Feng , Peng Pei , Xunliang Cai , Ruqi Huang

Endeavors have been made to explore Large Language Models for video analysis (Video-LLMs), particularly in understanding and interpreting long videos. However, existing Video-LLMs still face challenges in effectively integrating the rich…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Jungang Li , Sicheng Tao , Yibo Yan , Xiaojie Gu , Haodong Xu , Xu Zheng , Yuanhuiyi Lyu , Linfeng Zhang , Xuming Hu

Although Vision Language Models (VLMs) exhibit strong perceptual abilities and impressive visual reasoning, they struggle with attention to detail and precise action planning in complex, dynamic environments, leading to subpar performance.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Xinrun Xu , Pi Bu , Ye Wang , Börje F. Karlsson , Ziming Wang , Tengtao Song , Qi Zhu , Jun Song , Zhiming Ding , Bo Zheng

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have been increasingly applied in real-world scenarios due to their outstanding understanding and reasoning capabilities. Although VLMs have already demonstrated impressive capabilities in common visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yuechen Xie , Xiaoyan Zhang , Yicheng Shan , Hao Zhu , Rui Tang , Rong Wei , Mingli Song , Yuanyu Wan , Jie Song

Reasoning is a fundamental capability for solving complex multi-step problems, particularly in visual contexts where sequential step-wise understanding is essential. Existing approaches lack a comprehensive framework for evaluating visual…

A core aspect of human perception is situated awareness, the ability to relate ourselves to the surrounding physical environment and reason over possible actions in context. However, most existing benchmarks for multimodal foundation models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Chuhan Li , Ruilin Han , Joy Hsu , Yongyuan Liang , Rajiv Dhawan , Jiajun Wu , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Xin Eric Wang

Genuine spatial reasoning relies on the capacity to construct and manipulate coherent internal spatial representations, often conceptualized as mental models, rather than merely processing surface linguistic associations. While large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Peiyao Jiang , Zequn Qin , Xi Li

Capturing spatial relationships from visual inputs is a cornerstone of human-like general intelligence. Several previous studies have tried to enhance the spatial awareness of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) by adding extra expert encoders,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Rui Yang , Ziyu Zhu , Yanwei Li , Jingjia Huang , Shen Yan , Siyuan Zhou , Zhe Liu , Xiangtai Li , Shuangye Li , Wenqian Wang , Yi Lin , Hengshuang Zhao

Accurate spatial reasoning in outdoor environments - covering geometry, object pose, and inter-object relationships - is fundamental to downstream tasks such as mapping, motion forecasting, and high-level planning in autonomous driving. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Xianda Guo , Ruijun Zhang , Yiqun Duan , Yuhang He , Dujun Nie , Wenke Huang , Chenming Zhang , Shuai Liu , Hao Zhao , Long Chen

Vision-language models (VLMs) exhibit strong zero-shot generalization on natural images and show early promise in interpretable medical image analysis. However, existing benchmarks do not systematically evaluate whether these models truly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Tianhong Zhou , Yin Xu , Yingtao Zhu , Chuxi Xiao , Haiyang Bian , Lei Wei , Xuegong Zhang

Visual reasoning in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has primarily been studied in static, fully observable settings, limiting their effectiveness in real-world environments where information is often incomplete due to occlusion or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Weijie Zhou , Xuantang Xiong , Yi Peng , Manli Tao , Chaoyang Zhao , Honghui Dong , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

Audio-visual speech enhancement (AVSE) has been found to be particularly useful at low signal-to-noise (SNR) ratios due to the immunity of the visual features to acoustic noise. However, a significant gap exists in AVSE methods tailored to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Danielle Yaffe , Ferdinand Campe , Prachi Sharma , Dorothea Kolossa , Boaz Rafaely

Grounding language to a navigating agent's observations can leverage pretrained multimodal foundation models to match perceptions to object or event descriptions. However, previous approaches remain disconnected from environment mapping,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Chenguang Huang , Oier Mees , Andy Zeng , Wolfram Burgard