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Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) provide interpretable prediction by introducing an intermediate Concept Bottleneck Layer (CBL), which encodes human-understandable concepts to explain models' decision. Recent works proposed to utilize Large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Divyansh Srivastava , Ge Yan , Tsui-Wei Weng

Obtaining the human-like perception ability of abstracting visual concepts from concrete pixels has always been a fundamental and important target in machine learning research fields such as disentangled representation learning and scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Tao Yang , Yuwang Wang , Yan Lu , Nanning Zheng

Explainable AI (XAI) is crucial for building transparent and trustworthy machine learning systems, especially in high-stakes domains. Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) have emerged as a promising ante-hoc approach that provides…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Hanwei Zhang , Luo Cheng , Rui Wen , Yang Zhang , Lijun Zhang , Holger Hermanns

Existing visual change detectors usually adopt CNNs or Transformers for feature representation learning and focus on learning effective representation for the changed regions between images. Although good performance can be obtained by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Bo Jiang , Zitian Wang , Xixi Wang , Ziyan Zhang , Lan Chen , Xiao Wang , Bin Luo

The main challenges limiting the adoption of deep learning-based solutions in medical workflows are the availability of annotated data and the lack of interpretability of such systems. Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) tackle the latter by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Cristiano Patrício , Isabel Rio-Torto , Jaime S. Cardoso , Luís F. Teixeira , João C. Neves

Due to the high stakes in medical decision-making, there is a compelling demand for interpretable deep learning methods in medical image analysis. Concept Bottleneck Models (CBM) have emerged as an active interpretable framework…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Yibo Gao , Zheyao Gao , Xin Gao , Yuanye Liu , Bomin Wang , Xiahai Zhuang

Concept-bottleneck models (CBMs) are neural classifiers that compute predictions from high-level concepts extracted from the input. CBMs ensure stakeholders can understand the concepts -- and the predictions they entail -- by learning these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Nicola Debole , Andrea Passerini , Stefano Teso , Andrea Pugnana , Emanuele Marconato

Concept-based eXplainable AI (C-XAI) is a rapidly growing research field that enhances AI model interpretability by leveraging intermediate, human-understandable concepts. This approach not only enhances model transparency but also enables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Francesco De Santis , Gabriele Ciravegna , Philippe Bich , Danilo Giordano , Tania Cerquitelli

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) are a prominent framework for interpretable AI that map learned visual features to a set of meaningful concepts for task-specific downstream predictions. Their sequential structure enhances transparency by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Mohamed Harmanani , Bining Long , Zhuoxin Guo , Paul F. R. Wilson , Amirhossein Sabour , Minh Nguyen Nhat To , Gabor Fichtinger , Purang Abolmaesumi , Parvin Mousavi

Concept bottleneck models (CBMs) improve neural network interpretability by introducing an intermediate layer that maps human-understandable concepts to predictions. Recent work has explored the use of vision-language models (VLMs) to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Xingbo Du , Qiantong Dou , Lei Fan , Rui Zhang

Deep learning-based medical image classification techniques are rapidly advancing in medical image analysis, making it crucial to develop accurate and trustworthy models that can be efficiently deployed across diverse clinical scenarios.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Hangzhou He , Jiachen Tang , Lei Zhu , Kaiwen Li , Yanye Lu

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) offer inherent interpretability by initially translating images into human-comprehensible concepts, followed by a linear combination of these concepts for classification. However, the annotation of concepts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Hangzhou He , Lei Zhu , Xinliang Zhang , Shuang Zeng , Qian Chen , Yanye Lu

The brain is a highly complex organ that manages many important tasks, including movement, memory and thinking. Brain-related conditions, like tumors and degenerative disorders, can be hard to diagnose and treat. Magnetic Resonance Imaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Shuvashis Sarker , Shamim Rahim Refat , Faika Fairuj Preotee , Shifat Islam , Tashreef Muhammad , Mohammad Ashraful Hoque

The main challenges hindering the adoption of deep learning-based systems in clinical settings are the scarcity of annotated data and the lack of interpretability and trust in these systems. Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) offer inherent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Cristiano Patrício , Luís F. Teixeira , João C. Neves

In recent years, Visual Anomaly Detection (VAD) has gained significant attention due to its ability to identify defects using only normal images during training. Many VAD models work without supervision but are still able to provide visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Arianna Stropeni , Valentina Zaccaria , Francesco Borsatti , Davide Dalle Pezze , Manuel Barusco , Gian Antonio Susto

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have facilitated its widespread adoption in primary medical services, addressing the demand-supply imbalance in healthcare. Vision Transformers (ViT) have emerged as state-of-the-art…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Tin Lai

Concept-based models aim to explain model decisions with human-understandable concepts. However, most existing approaches treat concepts as numerical attributes, without providing complementary visual explanations that could localize the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Cristiano Patrício , Luís F. Teixeira , João C. Neves

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) offer interpretable alternatives to black-box predictors by introducing human-relatable concepts before the final output. However, existing CBMs struggle to verify whether predicted concepts correspond to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yingying Fang , Haijie Xu , Shuang Wu , Mariathasan Anish , Guang Yang

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) enhance the interpretability of neural networks by basing predictions on human-understandable concepts. However, current CBMs typically rely on concept sets extracted from large language models or extensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Katharina Prasse , Patrick Knab , Sascha Marton , Christian Bartelt , Margret Keuper

Consistency Training (CT) has recently emerged as a strong alternative to diffusion models for image generation. However, non-distillation CT often suffers from high variance and instability, motivating ongoing research into its training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Gianluigi Silvestri , Luca Ambrogioni , Chieh-Hsin Lai , Yuhta Takida , Yuki Mitsufuji
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