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Transformers with linear attention (i.e., linear transformers) and state-space models have recently been suggested as a viable linear-time alternative to transformers with softmax attention. However, these models still underperform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Songlin Yang , Bailin Wang , Yu Zhang , Yikang Shen , Yoon Kim

Serving deep neural networks in latency critical interactive settings often requires GPU acceleration. However, the small batch sizes typical in online inference results in poor GPU utilization, a potential performance gap which GPU…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-03 Paras Jain , Xiangxi Mo , Ajay Jain , Harikaran Subbaraj , Rehan Sohail Durrani , Alexey Tumanov , Joseph Gonzalez , Ion Stoica

This paper addresses the challenge of comprehending very long contexts in Large Language Models (LLMs) by proposing a method that emulates Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) through specialized prompt engineering and chain-of-thought…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Joon Park , Kyohei Atarashi , Koh Takeuchi , Hisashi Kashima

In many manufacturing processes, batch processing is frequently needed for capacity reasons. This applies both to parallel and serial batching. However, while the serial batch processing is largely studied in the literature, as it is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-14 Arianna Alfieri , Alessandro Druetto , Andrea Grosso , Fabio Salassa

In Large Language Model (LLM) inference services, it is challenging to make a parallelism strategy configuration, to efficiently process the requests of variance context lengths. Requests of long context require high degree of parallelism…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Haoyu Chen , Xue Li , Kun Qian , Yu Guan , Jin Zhao , Xin Wang

Training deep recurrent neural network (RNN) architectures is complicated due to the increased network complexity. This disrupts the learning of higher order abstracts using deep RNN. In case of feed-forward networks training deep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Murali Karthick Baskar , Martin Karafiat , Lukas Burget , Karel Vesely , Frantisek Grezl , Jan Honza Cernocky

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have shown remarkable performance on challenging questions, such as math and coding. However, to obtain a high quality solution, one may need to sample more than once. In principal, there are two sampling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Xiangming Gu , Soham De , Larisa Markeeva , Petar Veličković , Razvan Pascanu

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are widely recognized for their proficiency in modeling temporal dependencies, making them highly prevalent in sequential data processing applications. Nevertheless, vanilla RNNs are confronted with the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Pengfei Sun , Jibin Wu , Malu Zhang , Paul Devos , Dick Botteldooren

The quadratic complexity and weak length extrapolation of Transformers limits their ability to scale to long sequences, and while sub-quadratic solutions like linear attention and state space models exist, they empirically underperform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Xuezhe Ma , Xiaomeng Yang , Wenhan Xiong , Beidi Chen , Lili Yu , Hao Zhang , Jonathan May , Luke Zettlemoyer , Omer Levy , Chunting Zhou

In up-to-date machine learning (ML) applications on cloud or edge computing platforms, batching is an important technique for providing efficient and economical services at scale. In particular, parallel computing resources on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Yaodan Xu , Jingzhou Sun , Sheng Zhou , Zhisheng Niu

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a crucial technique for enhancing the accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external information. With the advent of LLMs that support increasingly longer context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Quinn Leng , Jacob Portes , Sam Havens , Matei Zaharia , Michael Carbin

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have yielded remarkable success across diverse fields. However, handling long contexts remains a significant challenge for LLMs due to the quadratic time and space complexity of attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Weijie Liu , Zecheng Tang , Juntao Li , Kehai Chen , Min Zhang

Transformer-based long context generative models power emerging AI applications like hour-long video understanding and project-level coding agent. Deploying long context transformers (e.g., 100K to 10M tokens) is prohibitively expensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Yao Fu

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) laid the foundation for sequence modeling, but their intrinsic sequential nature restricts parallel computation, creating a fundamental barrier to scaling. This has led to the dominance of parallelizable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Federico Danieli , Pau Rodriguez , Miguel Sarabia , Xavier Suau , Luca Zappella

Long-context modeling presents a significant challenge for transformer-based large language models (LLMs) due to the quadratic complexity of the self-attention mechanism and issues with length extrapolation caused by pretraining exclusively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Chenghao Yang , Zi Yang , Nan Hua

There is growing demand for performing inference with hundreds of thousands of input tokens on trained transformer models. Inference at this extreme scale demands significant computational resources, hindering the application of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Ryan Synk , Monte Hoover , John Kirchenbauer , Neel Jain , Alex Stein , Manli Shu , Josue Melendez Sanchez , Ramani Duraiswami , Tom Goldstein

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) offer fast inference on long sequences but are hard to optimize and slow to train. Deep state-space models (SSMs) have recently been shown to perform remarkably well on long sequence modeling tasks, and have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Antonio Orvieto , Samuel L Smith , Albert Gu , Anushan Fernando , Caglar Gulcehre , Razvan Pascanu , Soham De

Traditional source separation approaches train deep neural network models end-to-end with all the data available at once by minimizing the empirical risk on the whole training set. On the inference side, after training the model, the user…

Generative sequence modeling faces a fundamental tension between the expressivity of Transformers and the efficiency of linear sequence models. Existing efficient architectures are theoretically bounded by shallow, single-step linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jie Jiang , Ke Cheng , Xin Xu , Mengyang Pang , Tianhao Lu , Jiaheng Li , Yue Liu , Yuan Wang , Jun Zhang , Huan Yu , Zhouchen Lin

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) offer attractive advantages over Auto-Regressive (AR) models, such as full-attention parallel decoding and flexible generation. However, standard DLM training uses a static, single-step masked prediction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Zehua Pei , Hui-Ling Zhen , Weizhe Lin , Sinno Jialin Pan , Yunhe Wang , Mingxuan Yuan , Bei Yu
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