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Automated content moderation has long been used to help identify and filter undesired user-generated content online. But such systems have a history of incorrectly flagging content by and about marginalized identities for removal.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Grace Proebsting , Oghenefejiro Isaacs Anigboro , Charlie M. Crawford , Danaé Metaxa , Sorelle A. Friedler

Generative AI (GenAI) tools are transforming critical societal domains, including the legal sector. While these tools create opportunities such as increased efficiency and potential improvements in access to justice, they also present new…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Kimon Kieslich , Natali Helberger , Nicholas Diakopoulos

In the next few years, applications of Generative AI are expected to revolutionize a number of different areas, ranging from science & medicine to education. The potential for these seismic changes has triggered a lively debate about…

We introduce GenAI-Powered Inference (GPI), a statistical framework for both causal and predictive inference using unstructured data, including text and images. GPI leverages open-source Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) models --…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Kosuke Imai , Kentaro Nakamura

Some have criticised Generative AI Systems for replicating the familiar pathologies of already widely-deployed AI systems. Other critics highlight how they foreshadow vastly more powerful future systems, which might threaten humanity's…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Seth Lazar

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) systems are trained on large data corpora to generate new pieces of text, images, videos, and other media. There is growing concern that such systems may infringe on the copyright interests of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Jiachen T. Wang , Zhun Deng , Hiroaki Chiba-Okabe , Boaz Barak , Weijie J. Su

Applications of Generative AI (Gen AI) are expected to revolutionize a number of different areas, ranging from science & medicine to education. The potential for these seismic changes has triggered a lively debate about the potential risks…

Creative writing has long been considered a uniquely human endeavor, requiring voice and style that machines could not replicate. This assumption is challenged by Generative AI that can emulate thousands of author styles in seconds with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Tuhin Chakrabarty , Paramveer S. Dhillon

Generative AI (GenAI) is increasingly used in survey contexts to simulate human preferences. While many research endeavors evaluate the quality of synthetic GenAI data by comparing model-generated responses to gold-standard survey results,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Sarah Ball , Simeon Allmendinger , Frauke Kreuter , Niklas Kühl

The widespread adoption of large language models (LLMs) and generative AI (GenAI) tools across diverse applications has amplified the importance of addressing societal biases inherent within these technologies. While the NLP community has…

The advancements in Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) provide opportunities to enrich educational experiences, but also raise concerns about academic integrity. Many educators have expressed anxiety and hesitation in integrating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Hui Wang , Anh Dang , Zihao Wu , Son Mac

In this Article, I explore the impending conflict between the protection of civil rights and artificial intelligence (AI). While both areas of law have amassed rich and well-developed areas of scholarly work and doctrinal support, a growing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Sonia Katyal

Exact unlearning was first introduced as a privacy mechanism that allowed a user to retract their data from machine learning models on request. Shortly after, inexact schemes were proposed to mitigate the impractical costs associated with…

The widespread adoption of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools in higher education has fundamentally altered the conditions under which academic work is produced, challenging long-standing assumptions about authorship,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-07 David M. Pereira

Generative AI (GenAI) is a powerful technology poised to reshape Trust & Safety. While misuse by attackers is a growing concern, its defensive capacity remains underexplored. This paper examines these effects through a qualitative study…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Patrick Gage Kelley , Steven Rousso-Schindler , Renee Shelby , Kurt Thomas , Allison Woodruff

With the capability to write convincing and fluent natural language and generate code, Foundation Models present dual-use concerns broadly and within the cyber domain specifically. Generative AI has already begun to impact cyberspace…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Kade M. Heckel , Adrian Weller

This article provides a necessary corrective to the belief that current legal and political concepts and institutions are capable of holding to account the power of new AI technologies. Drawing on jurisprudential analysis, it argues that…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Scott Veitch

A cautious interpretation of AI regulations and policy in the EU and the USA place explainability as a central deliverable of compliant AI systems. However, from a technical perspective, explainable AI (XAI) remains an elusive and complex…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Neo Christopher Chung , Hongkyou Chung , Hearim Lee , Lennart Brocki , Hongbeom Chung , George Dyer

Model Inversion (MI) attacks aim to reconstruct privacy-sensitive training data from released models by utilizing output information, raising extensive concerns about the security of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Recent advances in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Yixiang Qiu , Hao Fang , Hongyao Yu , Bin Chen , MeiKang Qiu , Shu-Tao Xia

Foundation models such as GPT-4 are fine-tuned to avoid unsafe or otherwise problematic behavior, such as helping to commit crimes or producing racist text. One approach to fine-tuning, called reinforcement learning from human feedback,…