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Writing is a universal cultural technology that reuses vision for symbolic communication. Humans display striking resilience: we readily recognize words even when characters are fragmented, fused, or partially occluded. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Jie Zhang , Ting Xu , Gelei Deng , Runyi Hu , Han Qiu , Tianwei Zhang , Qing Guo , Ivor Tsang

Vision-language models (VLMs) allow to embed texts and images in a shared representation space. However, it has been shown that these models are subject to a modality gap phenomenon meaning there exists a clear separation between the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 François Role , Sébastien Meyer , Victor Amblard

Language models~(LMs) gradually become general-purpose interfaces in the interactive and embodied world, where the understanding of physical concepts is an essential prerequisite. However, it is not yet clear whether LMs can understand…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Lei Li , Jingjing Xu , Qingxiu Dong , Ce Zheng , Qi Liu , Lingpeng Kong , Xu Sun

Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown promising capabilities in interpreting visualized graph data, offering a new perspective for graph-structured reasoning beyond traditional Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Qihang Ai , Ruizhou Li , Menghui Wang , Haiyun Jiang

Vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved impressive performance across a wide range of multimodal tasks. However, they often fail on tasks that require fine-grained visual perception, even when the required information is still present…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Haz Sameen Shahgir , Xiaofu Chen , Yu Fu , Erfan Shayegani , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh , Yova Kementchedjhieva , Yue Dong

The fusion of vision and language has brought about a transformative shift in computer vision through the emergence of Vision-Language Models (VLMs). However, the resource-intensive nature of existing VLMs poses a significant challenge. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Jordan Shipard , Arnold Wiliem , Kien Nguyen Thanh , Wei Xiang , Clinton Fookes

What is the interplay between semantic representations learned by language models (LM) from surface form alone to those learned from more grounded evidence? We study this question for a scenario where part of the input comes from a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Tianyang Xu , Marcelo Sandoval-Castaneda , Karen Livescu , Greg Shakhnarovich , Kanishka Misra

Innovations in digital intelligence are transforming robotic surgery with more informed decision-making. Real-time awareness of surgical instrument presence and actions (e.g., cutting tissue) is essential for such systems. Yet, despite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Jiajun Cheng , Xianwu Zhao , Sainan Liu , Xiaofan Yu , Ravi Prakash , Patrick J. Codd , Jonathan Elliott Katz , Shan Lin

Domain-specific knowledge can significantly contribute to addressing a wide variety of vision tasks. However, the generation of such knowledge entails considerable human labor and time costs. This study investigates the potential of Large…

Large-scale pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have become essential for transfer learning across diverse tasks. However, adapting these models with limited few-shot data often leads to overfitting, diminishing their performance on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Yuncheng Guo , Xiaodong Gu

Vision-language models (VLMs) have made substantial progress across a wide range of visual question answering benchmarks, spanning visual reasoning, document understanding, and multimodal dialogue. These improvements are evident in a wide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Dhruba Ghosh , Yuhui Zhang , Ludwig Schmidt

Zero-shot learning, which studies the problem of object classification for categories for which we have no training examples, is gaining increasing attention from community. Most existing ZSL methods exploit deterministic transfer learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-05-29 Yanan Li , Donghui Wang

Vision-language models (VLMs) pre-trained on large-scale image-text pairs have demonstrated impressive transferability on various visual tasks. Transferring knowledge from such powerful VLMs is a promising direction for building effective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Wenhao Wu , Xiaohan Wang , Haipeng Luo , Jingdong Wang , Yi Yang , Wanli Ouyang

Vision-language Models (VLMs) have emerged as general-purpose tools for addressing a variety of complex computer vision problems. Such models have been shown to be highly capable, but, at the same time, lacking some basic visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Shivam Chandhok , Wan-Cyuan Fan , Vered Shwartz , Vineeth N Balasubramanian , Leonid Sigal

Scene Graph Generation (SGG) encodes visual relationships between objects in images as graph structures. Thanks to the advances of Vision-Language Models (VLMs), the task of Open-Vocabulary SGG has been recently proposed where models are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Maëlic Neau , Zoe Falomir , Cédric Buche , Akihiro Sugimoto

Remote sensing visual grounding (RSVG) aims to localize objects in remote sensing images based on free-form natural language expressions. Existing approaches are typically constrained to closed-set vocabularies, limiting their applicability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Ke Li , Di Wang , Ting Wang , Fuyu Dong , Yiming Zhang , Luyao Zhang , Xiangyu Wang , Shaofeng Li , Quan Wang

Accurate video moment retrieval (VMR) requires universal visual-textual correlations that can handle unknown vocabulary and unseen scenes. However, the learned correlations are likely either biased when derived from a limited amount of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Dezhao Luo , Jiabo Huang , Shaogang Gong , Hailin Jin , Yang Liu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have endowed LLMs with the ability to perceive and understand multi-modal signals. However, most of the existing MLLMs mainly adopt vision encoders pretrained on coarsely aligned image-text pairs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Gongwei Chen , Leyang Shen , Rui Shao , Xiang Deng , Liqiang Nie

We propose a novel, zero-shot image generation technique called "Visual Concept Blending" that provides fine-grained control over which features from multiple reference images are transferred to a source image. If only a single reference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Hiroya Makino , Takahiro Yamaguchi , Hiroyuki Sakai

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) combine visual perception with the general capabilities, such as reasoning, of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the mechanisms by which these two abilities can be combined and contribute remain poorly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Shiqi Chen , Jinghan Zhang , Tongyao Zhu , Wei Liu , Siyang Gao , Miao Xiong , Manling Li , Junxian He