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Improving large language models (LLMs) for electronic health record (EHR) reasoning is essential for enabling accurate and generalizable clinical predictions. While LLMs excel at medical text understanding, they underperform on EHR-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yue Fang , Yuxin Guo , Jiaran Gao , Hongxin Ding , Xinke Jiang , Weibin Liao , Yongxin Xu , Yinghao Zhu , Zhibang Yang , Liantao Ma , Junfeng Zhao , Yasha Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with knowledge-intensive tasks due to hallucinations and fragmented reasoning over dispersed information. While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) grounds generation in external sources, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Cheng-Yen Li , Xuanjun Chen , Claire Lin , Wei-Yu Chen , Wenhua Nie , Hung-Yi Lee , Jyh-Shing Roger Jang

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) has substantially empowered Large Language Models (LLMs) to tackle complex reasoning tasks, yet the verbose nature of explicit reasoning steps incurs prohibitive inference latency and computational costs, limiting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Qin-Wen Luo , Sheng Ren , Xiang Chen , Rui Liu , Jun Fang , Naiqiang Tan , Sheng-Jun Huang

Large language models with long context windows can answer complex questions directly from full-length academic, technical, and policy documents, but passing entire documents is often costly, slow, and can degrade answer quality while…

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) frameworks have shown significant promise in leveraging external knowledge to enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs). However, conventional RAG methods often retrieve documents based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Pouya Pezeshkpour , Estevam Hruschka

Although the context length limitation of large language models (LLMs) has been mitigated, it still hinders their application to software development tasks. This study proposes a method incorporating execution traces into RAG for inquiries…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Toshihiro Kamiya

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates hallucination in large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge during generation. However, the effectiveness of RAG depends not only on the design of the retriever and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Xudong Wang , Chaoning Zhang , Qigan Sun , Zhenzhen Huang , Chang Lu , Sheng Zheng , Zeyu Ma , Caiyan Qin , Yang Yang , Hengtao Shen

ExpertRAG is a novel theoretical framework that integrates Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures with Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) to advance the efficiency and accuracy of knowledge-intensive language modeling. We propose a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Esmail Gumaan

Large Language Models (LLMs) often experience performance degradation during long-running interactions due to increasing context length, memory saturation, and computational overhead. This paper presents an adaptive context compression…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Payal Fofadiya , Sunil Tiwari

Effectively incorporating external knowledge into Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for enhancing their capabilities and addressing real-world needs. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) offers an effective method for achieving this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Kuan Li , Liwen Zhang , Yong Jiang , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Shuai Wang , Minhao Cheng

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become a key paradigm for knowledge-intensive question answering. However, existing multi-hop RAG systems remain inefficient, as they alternate between retrieval and reasoning at each step, resulting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Hao Yang , Zhiyu Yang , Xupeng Zhang , Wei Wei , Yunjie Zhang , Lin Yang

Knowledge Graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (KG-RAG) has emerged as a promising paradigm for enhancing LLM reasoning by retrieving multi-hop paths from KGs. However, existing KG-RAG frameworks often underperform in real-world…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Zhenbo Fu , Yuanzhe Zhang , Qiange Wang , Hao Yuan , Yuehao Xu , Enze Yi , Yanfeng Zhang , Ge Yu

Although precise recall is a core objective in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), a critical oversight persists in the field: improvements in retrieval performance do not consistently translate to commensurate gains in downstream…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Shiyao Peng , Qianhe Zheng , Zhuodi Hao , Zichen Tang , Rongjin Li , Qing Huang , Jiayu Huang , Jiacheng Liu , Yifan Zhu , Haihong E

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances the question-answering (QA) abilities of large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge. However, adapting general-purpose RAG systems to specialized fields such as science and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Ran Xu , Hui Liu , Sreyashi Nag , Zhenwei Dai , Yaochen Xie , Xianfeng Tang , Chen Luo , Yang Li , Joyce C. Ho , Carl Yang , Qi He

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has significantly advanced Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA). However, existing LLM-driven KGQA systems act as stateless planners, generating…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Yushi Sun , Lei Chen

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems combine large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge retrieval, making them highly effective for knowledge-intensive tasks. A crucial but often under-explored component of these systems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Jiashuo Sun , Xianrui Zhong , Sizhe Zhou , Jiawei Han

The development of large language models (LLMs) has achieved superior performance in a range of downstream tasks, including LLM-based retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). The quality of generated content heavily relies on the usefulness of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Fengran Mo , Zhan Su , Yuchen Hui , Jinghan Zhang , Jia Ao Sun , Zheyuan Liu , Chao Zhang , Tetsuya Sakai , Jian-Yun Nie

The Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) framework utilizes a combination of parametric knowledge and external knowledge to demonstrate state-of-the-art performance on open-domain question answering tasks. However, the RAG framework suffers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Kiseung Kim , Jay-Yoon Lee

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge sources, enabling more accurate and contextually relevant responses tailored to user queries. These systems, however, remain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Huichi Zhou , Kin-Hei Lee , Zhonghao Zhan , Yue Chen , Zhenhao Li , Zhaoyang Wang , Hamed Haddadi , Emine Yilmaz

The growing demand for efficient and lightweight Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems has highlighted significant challenges when deploying Small Language Models (SLMs) in existing RAG frameworks. Current approaches face severe…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Tianyu Fan , Jingyuan Wang , Xubin Ren , Chao Huang