English
Related papers

Related papers: FPTQuant: Function-Preserving Transforms for LLM Q…

200 papers

With the rapid growth in the use of fine-tuning for large language models (LLMs), optimizing fine-tuning while keeping inference efficient has become highly important. However, this is a challenging task as it requires improvements in all…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Changhun Lee , Jun-gyu Jin , Younghyun Cho , Eunhyeok Park

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has exacerbated the memory bottleneck due to the widening gap between model parameter scaling and hardware capabilities. While post-training quantization techniques effectively reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Fangxin Liu , Zongwu Wang , JinHong Xia , Junping Zhao , Shouren Zhao , Jinjin Li , Jian Liu , Li Jiang , Haibing Guan

Due to the high memory and computational costs associated with large language models (LLMs), model compression techniques such as quantization, which reduces inference costs, and parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods like Low-Rank…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Hyesung Jeon , Yulhwa Kim , Jae-joon Kim

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) is an effective technique for compressing Large Language Models (LLMs). While many studies focus on quantizing both weights and activations, it is still a challenge to maintain the accuracy of LLM after…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Wenyuan Liu , Xindian Ma , Peng Zhang , Yan Wang

Post-training quantization (PTQ) has emerged as a promising technique to reduce the cost of large language models (LLMs). Specifically, PTQ can effectively mitigate memory consumption and reduce computational overhead in LLMs. To meet the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Shiyao Li , Xuefei Ning , Luning Wang , Tengxuan Liu , Xiangsheng Shi , Shengen Yan , Guohao Dai , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have proven to be very superior to conventional methods in various tasks. However, their expensive computations and high memory requirements are prohibitive for deployment. Model quantization is an effective…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Hanlin Tang , Yifu Sun , Decheng Wu , Kai Liu , Jianchen Zhu , Zhanhui Kang

Microscaling floating-point (MXFP) formats have emerged as a promising standard for deploying Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) and Large Language Models (LLMs) on modern accelerator architectures. However, existing Post-Training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Ji-Fu Li , Manyi Zhang , Xiaobo Xia , Han Bao , Haoli Bai , Zhenhua Dong , Xianzhi Yu

Large language models have significantly advanced natural language processing, yet their heavy resource demands pose severe challenges regarding hardware accessibility and energy consumption. This paper presents a focused and high-level…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Tollef Emil Jørgensen

Large language models (LLMs) are omnipresent, however their practical deployment is challenging due to their ever increasing computational and memory demands. Quantization is one of the most effective ways to make them more compute and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Yelysei Bondarenko , Riccardo Del Chiaro , Markus Nagel

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices is increasingly important, as it eliminates reliance on network connections, reduces expensive API calls, and enhances user privacy. However, on-device deployment is challenging due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yijiang Liu , Hengyu Fang , Liulu He , Rongyu Zhang , Yichuan Bai , Yuan Du , Li Du

We demonstrate, for the first time, fully quantized training (FQT) of large language models (LLMs) using predominantly 4-bit floating-point (FP4) precision for weights, activations, and gradients on datasets up to 200 billion tokens. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Brian Chmiel , Maxim Fishman , Ron Banner , Daniel Soudry

Post-training quantization (PTQ) of large language models (LLMs) to extremely low bit-widths remains challenging due to the fundamental trade-off between computational efficiency and representational capacity. While existing ultra-low-bit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 He Xiao , Runming Yang , Qingyao Yang , Wendong Xu , Zhen Li , Yupeng Su , Zhengwu Liu , Hongxia Yang , Ngai Wong

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) is often constrained by memory bandwidth, where the primary bottleneck is the cost of transferring model parameters from the GPU's global memory to its registers. When coupled with custom…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Han Guo , William Brandon , Radostin Cholakov , Jonathan Ragan-Kelley , Eric P. Xing , Yoon Kim

Post-training quantization (PTQ) techniques applied to weights, activations, and the KV cache greatly reduce memory usage, latency, and power consumption of Large Language Models (LLMs), but may lead to large quantization errors when…

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance but entail significant memory and computational costs, restricting their practical deployment. While existing INT4/INT8 quantization reduces these costs, they often degrade…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Hao Zhang , Aining Jia , Weifeng Bu , Yushu Cai , Kai Sheng , Hao Chen , Xin He

Post-training quantization (PTQ) compresses the weights and activations of large language models (LLMs) into low-precision representations to reduce memory footprint and accelerate inference. However, the presence of outliers in weights and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yesheng Liang , Haisheng Chen , Zihan Zhang , Song Han , Zhijian Liu

Quantization is a powerful tool to improve large language model (LLM) inference efficiency by utilizing more energy-efficient low-precision datapaths and reducing memory footprint. However, accurately quantizing LLM weights and activations…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Coleman Hooper , Charbel Sakr , Ben Keller , Rangharajan Venkatesan , Kurt Keutzer , Sophia Shao , Brucek Khailany

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized language processing, delivering outstanding results across multiple applications. However, deploying LLMs on edge devices poses several challenges with respect to memory, energy, and compute…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Fuwen Tan , Royson Lee , Łukasz Dudziak , Shell Xu Hu , Sourav Bhattacharya , Timothy Hospedales , Georgios Tzimiropoulos , Brais Martinez

Large transformer models have demonstrated remarkable success. Post-training quantization (PTQ), which requires only a small dataset for calibration and avoids end-to-end retraining, is a promising solution for compressing these large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Zhikai Li , Xuewen Liu , Jing Zhang , Qingyi Gu

The growing computational demands of training large language models (LLMs) necessitate more efficient methods. Quantized training presents a promising solution by enabling low-bit arithmetic operations to reduce these costs. While FP8…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Ruizhe Wang , Yeyun Gong , Xiao Liu , Guoshuai Zhao , Ziyue Yang , Baining Guo , Zhengjun Zha , Peng Cheng